BLR&D Merit Review Research Career Scientist (RCS) Award (IK6)

BLR

基本信息

批准号：
10454101
负责人：
Ann Richmond
金额：
--
依托单位：
VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2027-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10454101
关键词：
3-Dimensional Ablation Accounting Affect Age Age-Years Aging Agonist Area Attenuated Award BRAF gene Basic Science Biological Models Biological Response Modifiers Biopsy Bortezomib Breast Breast Cancer Patient Breast Cancer Risk Factor Breast Melanoma CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes CDK4 gene CXCL1 gene CXCR4 gene Cancer Etiology Cancer Model Cell Death Cells Cessation of life Chemicals Chemotaxis Clinical Clinical Trials Collaborations Coupled Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Data Development Disease Epidemic Estrogen receptor positive Future Gender Genetic Genetic Transcription Gulf War Human IL8RB gene Immune Immune checkpoint inhibitor Immunocompetent Immunologics Immunotherapy Incidence Infiltration Inflammation Inflammation Mediators Laboratories Laboratory Finding Ligands MDM2 gene Malignant Neoplasms Mediating Metastatic breast cancer Modeling Mus Mutate Myeloid Cells Myeloid-derived suppressor cells Natural Killer Cells Neoplasm Metastasis Oncogenes Oncogenic Operative Surgical Procedures Organoids PTEN gene Paclitaxel Pathway interactions Patient-derived xenograft models of breast cancer Patients Phenotype Population Progression-Free Survivals Proteins Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt Raf Kinase Inhibitor Recycling Regulation Research Resistance Resistance development Role Scientist Signal Pathway Stromal Cells Sun Exposure Sunbathing Survival Rate T-Lymphocyte Testing Therapeutic Therapeutic Intervention Time Tissues Translational Research Tumor Cell Invasion Tumor Immunity Tumor Tissue Tumor-associated macrophages Ultraviolet Rays Veterans Wild Type Mouse Woman Yang angiogenesis antagonist anti-CTLA4 anti-tumor immune response aurora kinase A base breast cancer diagnosis cancer cell cancer diagnosis cancer type career checkpoint therapy chemokine combinatorial cytokine release syndrome design driver mutation experience humanized mouse immunogenic improved inhibitor malignant breast neoplasm melanoma men military veteran mouse model negative affect neoplastic cell new therapeutic target novel novel therapeutics older men patient derived xenograft model pembrolizumab pre-clinical precision medicine programmed cell death protein 1 programs receptor recruit resistance mechanism response senescence tanning booths targeted treatment trafficking translational study treatment strategy trend tumor tumor growth tumor microenvironment tumorigenesis wound young woman

项目摘要

Abstract: Currently, therapeutic treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI’s), such as α-CTLA4 and/or α-PD1, are increasing survival rates (>50% four-year survival), particularly in highly mutated tumors. Moreover, combining ICIs with therapies that target tumor oncogenes has been highly effective in some tumors. Our hypothesis is that response to ICI therapy in immunologically “cold” tumors can be enhanced by combining ICIs with therapies targeted to oncogenic drivers that also induce expression of key chemokines that recruit CD8+T cells and DCs to the TME and shift tumor associated macrophages to an anti-tumor phenotype, and reduce the infiltration by myeloid-derived suppressor cells. To test this hypothesis, we will utilize immune competent mouse models, humanized mouse models bearing patient-derived xenograft (PDX), and organotypic cultures of human tumor co- cultured with patient immune cells to determine if these specific precision medicine approaches to targeted therapies enhance response to ICIs, and improve survival in mice. We propose to advance therapeutic strategies for melanoma and breast cancer in four areas. There are two approaches we will develop for melanoma studies: 1) Using immune competent BRAFV600E/PTEN-/-, NRASQ61K,R/CDKN2a-/- or triple wild type mouse models, humanized PDX models and 3D organoids of human melanoma tumors co-cultured with immune cells isolated from the patient, we will determine whether treatment with either rigosertib (NRAS pathway inhibitor), CDK4/6 inhibitor +MDM2 antagonist combined with ICI therapy induces tumor regression. Mechanisms for alterations in anti-tumor immune response will be determined. 2). Using CyTOF and sc-NGS analysis we will characterize biopsy tissue and PBLs from melanoma patients who develop resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors, evaluate the expression of other checkpoint proteins as well as activation of new driver mutations, and use these data to develop new strategies for treatment with other checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies using our organoid culture model. For our breast cancer studies: 1) We will treat tumors with AKT inhibitors plus paclitaxel in combination with ICI therapies or prior to ICI treatment using immune competent mouse models, humanized PDX models, and organotypic cultures of patient tumors co-cultured with patient immune cells; 2) We will examine the tumor growth in mice with targeted deletion of CXCR2 or CXCR4 in tumor tissue or in specific immune cell populations with or without targeted therapies and immune therapy. Where appropriate, CXCR2 and/or CXCR4 antagonists may be combined with the targeted therapies to enhance response to ICI therapy. Altogether these studies will provide key information for the design of new clinical trials I melanoma and breast cancer with our clinical collaborators and inform mechanisms of resistance to ongoing therapies. Melanoma and breast cancer can be major issues for our Veterans and development of improved therapeutic contributions that enhance overall survival is of key importance.

抽象的：目前，免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）的治疗方法，例如α-CTLA4和/或α-PD1，提高生存率（> 50% 四年生存率），特别是在高度突变的肿瘤中。此外，结合 ICI。针对肿瘤癌基因的疗法对某些肿瘤非常有效。我们的假设是，通过联合 ICI 可以增强免疫“冷”肿瘤对 ICI 治疗的反应针对致癌驱动因素的疗法还诱导招募 CD8+T 细胞的关键趋化因子的表达和 DC 到 TME 并将肿瘤相关巨噬细胞转变为抗肿瘤表型，并减少浸润为了检验这一假设，我们将利用具有免疫能力的小鼠模型，携带患者来源的异种移植物（PDX）的人源化小鼠模型以及人类肿瘤共生体的器官型培养物与患者免疫细胞一起培养，以确定这些特定的精准医学方法是否可以用于靶向治疗增强对 ICI 的反应，并提高小鼠的存活率。我们建议在四个领域推进黑色素瘤和乳腺癌的治疗策略。我们将为黑色素瘤研究开发的方法：1) 使用具有免疫能力的 BRAFV600E/PTEN-/-， NRASQ61K、R/CDKN2a-/- 或三重野生型小鼠模型、人源化 PDX 模型和人类 3D 类器官黑色素瘤肿瘤与从患者身上分离的免疫细胞共培养，我们将确定是否可以使用 rigosertib（NRAS通路抑制剂）、CDK4/6抑制剂+MDM2拮抗剂联合ICI治疗诱导肿瘤消退。将使用 CyTOF 确定抗肿瘤免疫反应的改变机制。和 sc-NGS 分析，我们将对产生耐药性的黑色素瘤患者的活检组织和 PBL 进行表征对于免疫检查点抑制剂，评估其他检查点蛋白的表达以及新的激活驱动突变，并利用这些数据开发其他检查点抑制剂治疗的新策略使用我们的类器官培养模型进行靶向治疗。对于我们的乳腺癌研究：1) 我们将使用 AKT 抑制剂加紫杉醇联合 ICI 治疗肿瘤治疗或 ICI 治疗之前使用免疫活性小鼠模型、人源化 PDX 模型和器官型患者肿瘤与患者免疫细胞共培养的培养物；2）我们将检查小鼠体内的肿瘤生长情况；肿瘤组织或特定免疫细胞群中 CXCR2 或 CXCR4 的靶向删除，有或没有靶向在适当的情况下，CXCR2 和/或 CXCR4 拮抗剂可以与治疗和免疫治疗联合使用。靶向治疗可增强对 ICI 治疗的反应。总之，这些研究将为黑色素瘤和乳腺癌新临床试验的设计提供关键信息与我们的临床合作者一起了解黑色素瘤和乳腺癌的耐药机制。癌症可能是我们退伍军人面临的主要问题，开发改进的治疗方法可以增强总体生存至关重要。