Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics for Precision Weight-Loss Diet Interventions

精准减肥饮食干预的营养遗传学和营养基因组学

• 批准号: 10445545
• 负责人: Lu Qi
• 金额: $ 68.45万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10445545
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Automobile Driving; Basal metabolic rate; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; Body fat; Carbohydrates; Cardiometabolic Disease; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Collection; Desire for food; Development; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Factors; Dietary Intervention; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Eating Behavior; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; FGF21 gene; Fasting; Food; Glucose; Glycemic Index; Goals; Grant; Heart; Hour; Hunger; Hyperglycemia; Individual; Inflammation; Intake; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Intrinsic factor; Link; Lipids; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measures; Mediation; Nutritional Study; Obesity; Participant; Pathway interactions; Plasma; Precision Health; Public Health; Publications; Qi; Randomized; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Satiation; Supervision; System; Testing; Transducers; United States National Institutes of Health; X-Ray Computed Tomography; adipokines; base; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolism; cardiovascular disorder risk; cohort; dietary; doubly-labeled water; experience; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; glucose monitor; gut microbiota; improved; individual variation; insight; insulin sensitivity; interest; metabolome; metabolomics; microbiota metabolites; novel; nutrition related genetics; nutritional genomics; obesity risk; precision nutrition; response; total energy expenditure

Abstract Excessive postprandial glycemia has emerged as a key factor regulating energy intakes and driving obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, and recent studies highlight the rising importance and urgent need of mapping the individual variability of postprandial glycemic response in precision nutrition and diet interventions. The proposed systems study aims to fill this significant research gap. Our study will build upon the unparalleled and complementary resources from three diet intervention trials and cohort: The OmniCarb trial, The POUNDS LOST trial, and The Precision Health Study (PHS). We will analyze associations of the usual levels of fasting plasma metabolome and postprandial metabolomic changes with postprandial glycemic response in the meal challenge tests (Aim 1); and analyze the dynamic changes (5 weeks, 6 and 24 months) in postprandial glycemic variability-related metabolites in response to diet interventions varying in glycemic index (GI) and/or carbohydrate intakes (Aim 2). We will also examine the relations of changes in postprandial glycemic variability-related metabolites with changes in appetite, energy intake and expenditure (Aim 3). In addition, we will examine the temporal sequence and mediation effects of postprandial glycemic variability-related metabolites in the relation between diet interventions and cardiometabolic changes (Aim 4). The proposed project aligns well with the special interest of NIH in ‘Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics Approaches for Nutrition Research (NOT-DK-19-019)’ and precision nutrition. Our study will provide novel insights into the intrinsic determinants of individual variability in postprandial glycemic response, and contribute significantly to the development of novel precision diet interventions. The findings from our study will have wide public health applicability and clinical implications.

抽象的 过度的餐后血糖已成为调节能量摄入和驱动肥胖症的关键因素 和心脏代谢性疾病以及最近的研究强调了映射的重要性和迫切需求 餐后血糖反应在精确营养和饮食干预措施中的个体变异性。 拟议的系统研究旨在填补这一重大的研究差距。我们的研究将基于无与伦比的和 从三项饮食干预试验和队列中的完全资源：OMNICARB试验，英镑 丢失试验和精密健康研究（PHS）。我们将分析禁食的通常级别的关联 血浆代谢组和餐后代谢组变化随餐后餐后血糖反应 挑战测试（AIM 1）；并分析餐后动态变化（5周，6个月和24个月） 血糖变异性相关的代谢产物响应饮食干预措施而变化的血糖指数（GI）和/或 碳水化合物摄入量（AIM 2）。我们还将研究餐后血糖变化的关系 与食欲，能量摄入和支出变化的变异相关代谢产物（AIM 3）。另外，我们 将检查餐后血糖变异性相关的临时序列和中介作用 饮食干预措施与心脏代谢变化之间关系的代谢产物（AIM 4）。提议 项目与NIH在“营养和营养学方法的营养方法”中的特殊兴趣相吻合 研究（非DK-19-019）和精度营养。我们的研究将提供有关内在的新见解 餐后血糖反应中个体变异性的决定因素，并为 开发新的精确饮食干预措施。我们研究的发现将具有广泛的公共卫生 适用性和临床意义。