Longitudinal Examination of Abstinence Maintenance and Relapse in Cigarette Smokers

吸烟者戒烟维持和复吸的纵向检查

• 批准号: 10415782
• 负责人: Eric D Claus
• 金额: $ 20.06万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10415782
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Biological; Biological Markers; Brain; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Cues; Data; Enrollment; Feedback; Future; Individual; Knowledge; Life Expectancy; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maintenance; Nicotinic Receptors; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacological Treatment; Process; Public Health; Recovery; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Resource Allocation; Resources; Rest; Review Literature; Rewards; Scanning; Smoker; Smoking; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Techniques; Time; Tobacco use; Visuospatial; Work; base; cigarette smoke; cigarette smoking; cognitive control; cost; cue reactivity; disorder later incidence prevention; drug development; executive function; experience; follow-up; former smoker; functional MRI scan; improved; neural circuit; neuroimaging; neuroimaging marker; prospective; public health relevance; recruit; relapse prediction; relapse risk; relating to nervous system; response; smoking cessation; smoking cue

Project Summary: Approximately fifteen percent of individuals in the US smoke cigarettes. Despite multiple attempts to quit, most smoking cessation attempt fails within one year. Predicting who will be unable to remain abstinent from smoking would improve cessation outcomes by providing objective feedback regarding relapse risk and allowing for more efficient allocation of relapse prevention resources. Our own pilot data and recent reviews of the literature suggest considerable promise in identifying biomarkers for relapse using neuroimaging approaches. While some studies have begun to investigate relapse prediction, few, if any studies have exam- ined the process of relapse or prolonged abstinence longitudinally after initial abstinence has been achieved. The focus of this proposal is to derive neuroimaging markers that prospectively predict subsequent relapse as well as to understand how the brain changes to support continued abstinence. To accomplish the aims of this project, 50 former smokers who have quit within the last three to six months will complete functional MRI scans of cognitive control, cue reactivity, and intrinsic connectivity at baseline and at 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-up ses- sions to identify those biomarkers that are stable over time prior to relapse. Deriving neural predictors of future relapse among those individuals who have recently made a quit attempt could be extremely important for patient- treatment matching and/or differential allocation of resources based on risk for relapse. In addition, by identifying the changes that occur in brain function after recovery, it may be possible to target relevant networks with brain stimulation techniques.

项目摘要： 尽管有多种吸烟方式，但美国仍有大约 15% 的人吸烟。 尝试戒烟，大多数戒烟尝试会在一年内失败。 预测谁将无法继续吸烟。 戒烟者可以通过提供有关复发的客观反馈来改善戒烟结果 风险并允许更有效地分配复发预防资源。 文献综述表明，使用神经影像学识别复发的生物标志物有很大希望 虽然一些研究已经开始调查复发预测，但很少有研究进行了检查。 纵向记录了初次戒断后复发或长期戒断的过程。 该提案的重点是导出神经影像标记物，前瞻性地预测随后的复发： 以及了解大脑如何变化以支持持续禁欲以实现这一目标。 项目中，50 名在过去三到六个月内戒烟的戒烟者将完成功能性 MRI 扫描 基线以及 3、6 和 9 个月随访时的认知控制、提示反应性和内在连接性 确定那些在复发前随时间稳定的生物标志物。推导未来的神经预测因子。 对于那些最近尝试戒烟的人来说，复发可能极其重要。 此外，根据复发风险进行治疗匹配和/或差异化资源分配。 恢复后大脑功能发生的变化，可能会针对大脑的相关网络 刺激技术。