Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health

伍兹霍尔海洋与人类健康中心

• 批准号: 10223304
• 负责人: JOHN J STEGEMAN
• 金额: $ 55.51万
• 依托单位: WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10223304
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Awareness; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Climate; Collaborations; Communication; Community Health; Companions; Data; Detection; Development; Ecosystem; Education; Educational Materials; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Exposure to; Fostering; Future; Goals; Growth; Habitats; Health; Human; In Situ; Infrastructure; K-12 Education; Knowledge; Laboratory Study; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Maine; Microscope; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Neuraxis; Neurotoxins; Oceans; Organism; Paralysed; Pattern; Performance; Physiological; Poisoning; Population; Population Dynamics; Prevalence; Process; Proxy; Public Health; Records; Recurrence; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Running; Sampling; Saxitoxin; Seafood; Shellfish; Structure; Students; Syndrome; Targeted Toxins; Technology; Toxic effect; Toxin; Uncertainty; Variant; Wood material; Zebrafish; climate change; climate data; climate impact; climate variability; community engagement; developmental toxicology; domoic acid; exposed human population; future climate scenario; harmful algal blooms; improved; insight; mortality; myelination; neurodevelopmental effect; neurotoxicity; novel; oligodendrocyte myelination; outreach; predictive modeling; programs; response; sensor; simulation; skills

The Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health (WHCOHH) will comprise a strong and integrated set of research projects using novel in situ sampling technologies and modeling approaches to address harmful algal bloom (HAB) dynamics, and mechanistic studies to expand understanding of HAB toxin effects. The overall objective is to protect the public health through enhanced understanding of how oceanic and environmental processes affect the population dynamics of toxin-producing organisms, and the risks from exposure to their potent neurotoxins, a serious and potentially growing human health threat. The Center will focus on two key HAB taxa: Alexandrium fundyense that produces the saxitoxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. that produce domoic acid responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) syndrome. Novel, targeted, efficient, and data-rich sampling approaches developed by the applicants and applied in situ have revealed that critical aspects of A. fundyense dynamics in natural settings differ dramatically from those inferred from laboratory studies, and identified plasticity in these processes. Project 1 will examine the physiological and behavioral factors of toxic Alexandrium species, and how plasticity in these factors may underlie population adaptation in different habitats and different environmental regimes. Project 2 will build on these new and fundamental insights into bloom regulation and develop models to predict impacts of climate variation on population dynamics of HAB threats. Variability in environmental forcing across years and among habitats will provide a proxy for future climate scenarios, revealing responses of HABs in natural ecosystems, a key step toward improving predictive skill for this recurrent public health risk, and quantify future risks. In companion studies we have identified specific cells in the developing brain in the zebrafish model that are targets of HAB toxins. The novel cellular mechanisms include effects of domoic acid on myelination of oligodendrocytes. We will define the consequences of developmental, low-level exposure to HAB toxins, and determine the effects of combined exposure to saxitoxin and domoic acid, and possible silent neurotoxicity, at different life stages, in the zebrafish model. The studies address the scope of toxin effects in the developing central nervous system, potentially linking developmental exposures to adult consequences. Novel linking of oceanic processes to human exposure will help define the human risk due to these novel mechanisms. The Center structure will facilitate integration of the research, and of research projects with education and community engagement activities, including with resource managers and other stakeholders. We also will improve awareness of emerging HAB issues for the public health community and develop new educational materials and interactive activities for K-12 classrooms, and for public outreach. An Administrative Core will create a structure encouraging open discussion of planning, integration, communication and engagement, and in which progress is rigorously evaluated.

伍兹洞海洋与人类健康中心（WHCOHH）将组成一个强大而综合的集合 使用新颖的原位抽样技术和建模方法来解决有害的研究项目 藻华（HAB）动力学和机械研究，以扩大对HAB毒素作用的理解。这 总体目的是通过增强对海洋和海洋的了解来保护公共卫生 环境过程会影响产生毒素生物的人群动态，以及来自 暴露于其有效的神经毒素，这是一种严重且潜在增长的人类健康威胁。中心将 专注于两个关键的HAB分类单元：Alexandrium Fundyense，产生负责麻痹的saxitoxins 贝类中毒（PSP）和伪nitzschia spp。产生负责失忆症的多糖酸 贝类中毒（ASP）综合征。开发了新颖，有针对性，高效和数据丰富的采样方法 由申请人和原位应用的，揭示了自然中的A. fundyense动态的关键方面 设置与实验室研究推论的设置截然不同，并确定了其中的可塑性 过程。项目1将检查有毒亚历山大种的生理和行为因素，以及 这些因素中的可塑性如何在不同栖息地和不同的人口适应的基础 环境制度。项目2将基于这些新的和基本的见解，对布鲁姆法规和 开发模型来预测气候变化对HAB威胁人群人群动态的影响。可变性 多年来和栖息地之间的环境强迫将为未来的气候场景提供代理 揭示了自然生态系统中HAB的反应，这是提高预测技能的关键步骤 复发公共卫生风险，并量化未来的风险。在同伴研究中，我们已经确定了特定细胞 斑马鱼模型中的发展大脑是HAB毒素的靶标。新型的细胞机制 包括多糖酸对少突胶质细胞髓鞘的影响。我们将定义后果 发育，低水平暴露于HAB毒素，并确定合并暴露于萨克西毒素的影响 在斑马鱼模型中，在不同的生命阶段，在不同的生命阶段可能的二氧酸以及可能的无声神经毒性。研究 解决发展中枢神经系统中毒素作用的范围，可能与发育联系起来 暴露于成人后果。海洋过程与人类暴露的新型联系将有助于定义 由于这些新型机制而引起的人类风险。中心结构将促进研究的整合，并 包括教育和社区参与活动的研究项目，包括资源经理 和其他利益相关者。我们还将提高人们对公共卫生新兴HAB问题的认识 社区并为K-12教室开发新的教育材料和互动活动，并为公众开发 外展。行政核心将创建一个结构，鼓励公开讨论计划，整合， 沟通和参与，并严格评估进度。