Cytomechanics Core

细胞力学核心

基本信息

批准号：
8856593
负责人：
LIYUN WANG
金额：
$ 16.41万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至 2016-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8856593
关键词：
Address Age Behavior Biological Markers Biological Sciences Biomedical Engineering Biotechnology Budgets Cartilage Cell Differentiation process Cell Shape Cells Cellular Stress Centers of Research Excellence Chondrocytes Collaborations Complement Computer Simulation Custom Degenerative polyarthritis Delaware Development Differentiation and Growth Disease Engineering Environment Epidemic Equipment Fee-for-Service Plans Fees Functional Imaging Funding Genetic Human Resources Imaging Techniques Institutes Intervention Joints Knowledge Letters Life Locomotion Maintenance Mechanical Stimulation Mechanics Mediating Mentors Modeling Molecular Monitor Normal Cell Normal tissue morphology Organ Pain Pathology Patients Pharmacologic Substance Phase Physical activity Prevention Process Protocols documentation Public Health Quality of life Rehabilitation therapy Research Research Personnel Role Running Science Smell Perception Societies Staff Development Students System Taste Perception Time Tissue Engineering Tissues Touch sensation Training Universities Wages Work bioimaging cartilage degradation cartilage repair chemical reaction cost design disability experience instrumentation meetings professor programs socioeconomics stem cell biology therapy development tool waiver

项目摘要

The Cytomechanics Core is designed to support the University of Delaware's concerted multi-disciplinary focus on the study of osteoarthritis (OA), a major public health concern. Aside from the large socioeconomic burden, the pain and disability associated with OA greatly impacts the quality life of patients. The development of OA involves multiple factors including age, genetics, and mechanical factors. During phases I and II of the UD COBRE program, we have made great strides in understanding the role of mechanical forces in OA development and treatment of this pathology at the molecular, cellular, tissue, joint, and whole body levels. Cytomechanics is fundamental for normal cell and tissue function and disease development. The cell, the universal basic unit of life, behaves as a "mechanical living" entity. In addition to sense of "smell" or "taste" mediated by chemical reactions, cells also display a strong sense of "touch" mediated by mechanical interactions. Thus, the mechanical environment drives many fundamental processes such as cell shape, mobility, growth, differentiation, and cell fate determination. In OA, many important remain unanswered, such as (1) how mechanical forces are transduced from systemic locomotion and physical activity to local tissue and cellular stresses, (2) how cells in healthy or diseased native joint tissues respond and adapt to the mechanical environment, (3) how to use our knowledge of tissue and cell mechanics to design pharmaceutical interventions or rehabilitation protocols to treat OA, (4) how to achieve real-time and closed-loop control of cell and tissue mechanics and behavior during tissue engineering. To meet these scientific needs, we have designed this Cytomechanics Core with state-of-the-art imaging techniques and precise mechanical manipulation tools that have been acquired during previous COBRE funding years and will continue to be built upon by our COBRE team.

细胞力学核心旨在支持特拉华大学协调一致的多学科重点研究骨关节炎（OA）这一重大公共卫生问题。除了巨大的社会经济负担外，骨关节炎相关的疼痛和残疾也极大地影响了患者的生活质量。 OA的发生涉及多种因素，包括年龄、遗传和机械因素。在 UD COBRE 项目的第一阶段和第二阶段期间，我们在理解机械力在 OA 发展中的作用以及在分子、细胞、组织、关节和全身水平上治疗这种病理学方面取得了巨大进步。细胞力学是正常细胞和组织功能以及疾病发展的基础。细胞是生命的普遍基本单位，表现为“机械生命”实体。除了由化学反应介导的“嗅觉”或“味觉”之外，细胞还表现出由机械相互作用介导的强烈“触觉”。因此，机械环境驱动许多基本过程，例如细胞形状、移动性、生长、分化和细胞命运决定。在 OA 中，许多重要问题仍未得到解答，例如 (1) 机械力如何从全身运动和身体活动转化为局部组织和细胞应力，(2) 健康或患病的天然关节组织中的细胞如何响应和适应机械环境，（3）如何利用我们的组织和细胞力学知识来设计治疗OA的药物干预或康复方案，（4）如何在组织工程过程中实现细胞和组织力学和行为的实时闭环控制。为了满足这些科学需求，我们设计了这个细胞力学核心，采用了最先进的成像技术和精确的机械操作工具，这些技术和精确的机械操作工具是在前 COBRE 资助期间获得的，并将继续由我们的 COBRE 团队进行开发。