Social influences on choices in adolescent substance use

社会对青少年物质使用选择的影响

• 批准号: 10378098
• 负责人: PEARL H CHIU
• 金额: $ 70.83万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10378098
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; Age; Anterior; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Computer Models; Data; Decision Making; Development; Economic Models; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Female Adolescents; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Humulus; Individual; Individual Differences; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Investigation; Longitudinal cohort; Male Adolescents; Measures; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Process; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Scanning; Social Values; Social support; Testing; Time; United States; Update; adolescent substance use; base; behavior measurement; behavioral economics; design; drug seeking behavior; early onset substance use; economic cost; information processing; mortality; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurotoxic; novel; peer; peer influence; recruit; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; social; social cognition; social influence; social observations; substance use

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT In the United States, substance use behaviors contribute to the leading causes of mortality and morbidity of adolescents, and are associated with approximately $60 billion in economic costs per year. Negative peer influence is a major environmental risk factor for early initiation of substance use and other risky behaviors. However, group-based interventions and positive social supports are also beneficial for successful cessation of substance use and addictive behaviors. Thus, social influences can contribute to adaptive or maladaptive decision-making and depend on the context and nature of the influence. Despite the strong contribution of peer influence to individuals' risky (or safe) decision-making, the mechanistic processes underlying susceptibility and resilience to social influence have received limited investigation. Here, we combine a longitudinal cohort design, functional neuroimaging, novel behavioral economic paradigms, and a model-based approach to examine whether substance use, and changes in substance use, are related to individual differences in two mechanisms by which social information influences risky decision- making (Aims 1 & 2). To test the extent to which changes in substance use may also impact susceptibility to social influence, we will further examine reciprocal effects of substance use on the mechanisms of social influence over time (Aim 3). Our broad hypothesis is that biases in neural and behavioral processing of information from social others contribute to the development of substance use behaviors in adolescents and may explain why social others have an unusually large impact on certain adolescents' decisions to engage in substance use.

项目摘要 /摘要 在美国，药物使用行为有助于死亡和发病率的主要原因 青少年，每年约600亿美元的经济成本相关。负同伴 影响是早期使用物质使用和其他危险行为的主要环境风险因素。 但是，基于团体的干预措施和积极的社会支持也有利于成功停止 物质使用和成瘾行为。因此，社会影响会导致适应性或适应不良 决策并取决于影响的背景和性质。尽管有很大的贡献 同伴对个人的风险（或安全）决策的影响，这是基础的机械过程 对社会影响力的敏感性和韧性已受到有限的调查。 在这里，我们结合了纵向队列设计，功能性神经影像，新颖的行为经济 范式以及一种基于模型的方法来检查药物使用和使用物质的变化是否是 与社会信息影响风险决策的两种机制的个体差异有关 - 制作（目标1和2）。测试物质使用变化的程度也可能影响 社会影响力，我们将进一步研究物质使用对社会机制的相互影响 随着时间的推移影响（目标3）。我们广泛的假设是在神经和行为处理的偏见 来自社会他人的信息有助于青少年的毒品使用行为的发展 可以解释为什么社交他人对某些青少年参与的决定产生异常影响 使用物质。