DNA damage-induced inflammation and its brain-specific consequences

DNA 损伤引起的炎症及其大脑特异性后果

• 批准号: 10363468
• 负责人: KARL HERRUP
• 金额: $ 139.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10363468
• 关键词: Affect; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease model; Amyloid beta-Protein; Antigen-Presenting Cells; Appearance; Astrocytes; Ataxia Telangiectasia; Binding Sites; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Cellular Stress; Chronic; Clinical; Complex; Conditioned Culture Media; Cultured Cells; Cytoplasm; DNA; DNA Binding; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; Data; Disease; Elements; FDA approved; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Hydrogen Peroxide; Image Analysis; Immune response; In Vitro; Inflammation; Inflammation Process; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Innate Immune System; Institutes; Interferons; Intervention; Invaded; Lead; Libraries; Ligands; Measures; Microglia; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial DNA; Nature; Nervous system structure; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Nuclear; Oligodendroglia; Parkinson Disease; Pathologic; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Physiological; Process; Promoter Regions; Proteins; Proteomics; Reaction; Response to stimulus physiology; Role; Safety; Source; Specificity; Sterility; Stimulator of Interferon Genes; Stimulus; Stress; Symptoms; System; Systems Analysis; TLR9 gene; Testing; Therapeutic; Work; alpha synuclein; brain cell; cell type; chemokine; combinatorial; cytokine; cytotoxicity test; design; diagnostic biomarker; drug development; improved; in silico; in vivo; liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; mitochondrial genome; mouse model; neuroinflammation; novel therapeutics; oligodendrocyte lineage; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; pathogenic virus; prevent; response; small molecule therapeutics; stressor; therapeutically effective; transcription factor; transcriptome; transcriptome sequencing; transcriptomics

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease represent a diverse group of conditions. While the loss of brain cells is the most prominent phenotype, each disease also presents with evidence of a chronic inflammatory process. The proposed work will explore a newly recognized trigger of this toxic neuroinflammatory process, cytoplasmic DNA (cytoDNA). The cells of the innate immune system, using cGAS/STING and TLR9, interpret the presence of cytoDNA as an invading viral or bacterial pathogen and respond vigorously. In aging and neurodegenerative diseases, cellular stresses lead to the release of DNA fragments from the cell's own mitochondrial or nuclear genome into the cytoplasm, triggering a "sterile" inflammatory response. Interferon related genes and the NFκB system are mobilized and both cause great harm if their responses become chronic. Studies of sterile inflammation traditionally focus on the cells of the innate immune system (e.g., microglia), or accessory cells such as astrocytes. We propose to take a much broader approach, by separately testing each cell type in the brain for its role in contributing to the chronic inflammation found in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. We will track the relative contributions of nuclear and mitochondrial fragments to the total amount of cytoDNA. As stressors, we will use ATM inhibition, to block DNA repair, TFAM inhibition to damage mitochondria, as well as more disease-relevant stimuli such as Aβ for Alzheimer's disease and α-synuclein for Parkinson's disease. We predict that the contributions of mitochondrial and nuclear cytoDNA fragments will differ in different situations, resulting in unique TLR9 and cGAS/STING responses that result in a signature secretome that contributes to the diversity of clinical symptoms. To test the pathological potential of each cytoDNA-stimulated immune response, we will use different stimuli to challenge cultures of astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes and microglia. We will then collect their conditioned medium and test it on naïve cultures of the same cell types to isolate the full range of toxic and trophic elements released from different cells. The transcriptomes of the stimulated cells will be defined by RNAseq; the protein composition of the secretome will be determined by LC/MS. While our initial studies will be in cultured cells, we will validate the in vitro findings in vivo using mouse models of three distinct neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and ataxia-telangiectasia. Finally, we propose to develop a multi-pronged strategy to block the impact of cytoDNA-induced inflammation. We will search for compounds that block the export of cytoDNA from the nucleus or stimulate its elimination from the cytoplasm. The significance of the findings derives from the fact that understanding the process of sterile inflammation and how to block it will offer fresh strategies to improve our approach to many neurodegenerative diseases.

抽象的 阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经退行性疾病代表了多种疾病 虽然脑细胞损失是最突出的表型，但每种疾病也都伴有症状。 拟议的工作将探索新发现的慢性炎症过程的证据。 毒性神经炎症过程，细胞质DNA（细胞DNA），使用先天免疫系统的细胞。 cGAS/STING 和 TLR9，将细胞 DNA 的存在解释为入侵的病毒或细菌病原体，并且 在衰老和神经退行性疾病中，细胞应激会导致 DNA 的释放。 细胞自身线粒体或核基因组的片段进入细胞质，引发“无菌” 干扰素相关基因和NFκB系统被调动并引起巨大的炎症反应。 如果它们的反应变成慢性的，就会造成伤害。无菌炎症的研究传统上集中在细胞上。 先天免疫系统（例如小胶质细胞）或辅助细胞（例如星形胶质细胞）我们建议多服用。 更广泛的方法，通过单独测试大脑中的每种细胞类型在导致慢性疾病中的作用 我们将追踪核炎症的相对贡献。 作为应激源，我们将使用 ATM 抑制来阻断 DNA。 修复、抑制 TFAM 损伤线粒体，以及更多与疾病相关的刺激，例如 Aβ 我们预测线粒体对阿尔茨海默病和 α-突触核蛋白对帕金森病的贡献。 和核细胞DNA片段在不同情况下会有所不同，从而产生独特的TLR9和cGAS/STING 产生有助于临床症状多样性的标志性分泌组的反应。 每个细胞DNA刺激的免疫反应的病理潜力，我们将使用不同的刺激来挑战 然后我们将收集星形胶质细胞、神经元、少突胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的条件培养基。 并在相同细胞类型的初始培养物上进行测试，以分离出全部有毒和营养元素 受刺激细胞的转录组将由RNAseq定义； 虽然我们的初步研究将在培养细胞中进行，但我们将通过 LC/MS 确定分泌蛋白组的组成。 将使用三种不同神经退行性疾病的小鼠模型在体内验证体外研究结果： 最后，我们建议制定多管齐下的策略来治疗阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和共济失调毛细血管扩张症。 阻止细胞 DNA 诱导的炎症的影响 我们将寻找阻止细胞 DNA 输出的化合物。 细胞DNA从细胞核中排出或刺激其从细胞质中消除，这一发现的意义。 源于以下事实：了解无菌性炎症的过程以及如何阻止它将为您提供新鲜的信息 改善我们治疗许多神经退行性疾病的方法的策略。