Eating frequency and its influence on satiety and biomarkers of health & disease

饮食频率及其对饱腹感和健康生物标志物的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8798420
负责人：
Marian L Neuhouser
金额：
$ 40.61万
依托单位：
FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-26 至 2018-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8798420
关键词：
Address Adherence Adult American Appetite Regulation Area Automobile Driving Behavioral Biochemical Markers Biological Markers Blood Blood specimen Body Composition Body Weight C-reactive protein Cardiovascular Diseases Cholecystokinin Chronic Disease Clinic Visits Clinical Trials Crossover Design Data Desire for food Development Diabetes Mellitus Diet Diet Habits Disease Eating Energy Intake Enrollment Equilibrium Fasting Female Food Frequencies Genetic Crossing Over Glucose Goals Guidelines Health Health Care Costs Heart Diseases Hormones Hour Inflammation Inflammatory Instruction Insulin Intake Interleukin-6 Intervention Intervention Studies Investigation Knowledge Leptin Life Linear Regressions Literature Macronutrients Nutrition Malignant Neoplasms Measures Metabolic Metabolism Modification Morbidity - disease rate Nutrient Obesity Observational Study Overweight Participant Pathway interactions Patient Self-Report Pattern Peptide YY Phase Physiological Pilot Projects Plasma Play Process Protocol Compliance Protocols documentation Publishing Randomized Recommendation Regulation Reporting Research Risk Risk Factors Role Satiation Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Structure Surveys Technology Testing Time Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Weight adiponectin base consumption measures disorder prevention disorder risk energy balance evidence based guidelines feeding ghrelin good diet improved inflammatory marker insight intervention effect male mortality motivational enhancement therapy nutritional guideline public health relevance response tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal will investigate whether eating frequency influences health. Evidence-based recommendations are lacking for the optimal number of daily eating occasions. This is an important area of research because over the past 40 years Americans' eating habits have changed from three meals a day to a pattern whereby most people now have 6-8 daily eating occasions. Apart from potential increases in total energy intake, frequent eating leaves people in a constant postprandial state. This constant, modestly elevated glycemia disturbs the normal glucose-insulin and counter-regulatory hormone network balance and also disturbs downstream cell signaling pathways. A constant postprandial state may increase systemic inflammation and cause numerous other metabolic disturbances. As a result, eating frequency (EF) may be associated with risk of diet-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, which are the major causes of morbidity, mortality and health care costs in the U.S. To better understand this phenomena we propose a randomized, cross-over clinical trial to test a low-EF eating pattern (three eating occasions/day) vs. a high-EF eating pattern (six eating occasions/day) in relation to inflammation, an adipokine and appetite. We hypothesize that compared to eating three times/day, eating six times/day will increase biomarkers of systemic inflammation, will decrease a beneficial adipokine and will increase both biomarkers and self-reported measures of appetite. We will test our hypothesis with these specific aims: 1) To test the effects of low vs. high eating frequency on inflammatory biomarkers (fasting high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-�,) and a beneficial adipokine (adiponectin); 2) To test the effects of low vs. high eating frequency on appetite [daily ratings of perceived appetite and serial ratings during a six-hour appetite testing session] and biomarkers involved in appetite regulation and food intake (leptin, ghrelin, peptide YY, and cholecystokinin). We will enroll n=50 males and females who are normal weight, overweight or obese. Participants will complete two 3-week long isocaloric intervention periods in random order [low EF (three eating occasions/day) and high EF (six eating occasions/day)]. Participants will be free-living and eating their own food using study-provided structured meals plans. Study staff will provide on-going support and instruction to maximize adherence to the protocol. Fasting blood samples will be collected at the beginning and end of each study phase. We will test for the intervention effect by using the GEE modification of linear regression to compare mean biomarker response (intervention effect) for each study phase. On the last day of each intervention period, participants will complete 6-hour appetite testing sessions where two test meals will be provided in the low-EF phase and four test meals will be provided in the high-EF phase. Serial appetite ratings and bloods will be collected to assess perceived appetite and hormones of appetite and satiety. Results from this investigation will be used to form guidelines for eating frequency in the context of an overall healthy diet.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案将调查饮食频率是否会影响健康。对于每日最佳饮食次数，缺乏基于证据的建议，因为过去 40 年来美国人的饮食习惯是一个重要的研究领域。习惯已经从一日三餐改为现在大多数人每天进食 6 至 8 次，除了可能增加总能量摄入外，频繁进食还会使人们处于持续的餐后状态，这种持续的、适度升高的血糖会扰乱血糖。普通的持续的餐后状态可能会增加全身炎症并导致许多其他代谢紊乱，因此，进食频率（EF）可能与饮食风险有关。相关慢性疾病，如心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病，这些疾病是美国发病率、死亡率和医疗费用的主要原因。为了更好地理解这一现象，我们提出了一项随机、交叉临床试验来测试低 EF 饮食图案（三吃次/天）与高 EF 饮食模式（每天 6 次饮食）与炎症、脂肪因子和食欲的关系我们探索，与每天吃 3 次相比，每天吃 6 次会增加全身生物标志物。炎症，会减少有益的脂肪因子，并会增加生物标志物和自我报告的食欲测量值，我们将通过以下具体目标来检验我们的假设：1）测试低饮食频率与高饮食频率对炎症生物标志物（禁食高-）的影响。灵敏度2) 测试低饮食频率与高饮食频率对食欲的影响（每日感知食欲评级和六小时食欲测试期间的连续评级）以及涉及食欲调节和食物摄入的生物标志物（瘦素、胃饥饿素、肽 YY、和胆囊收缩素）。我们将招募 n=50 名男性和女性。正常体重、超重或肥胖的参与者将按随机顺序完成两个为期 3 周的等热量干预期[低 EF（每天进食 3 次）和高 EF（每天进食 6 次）]。使用研究提供的结构化膳食计划来吃自己的食物，研究人员将提供持续的支持和指导，以最大限度地遵守该方案，我们将在每个研究阶段的开始和结束时收集空腹血样。通过使用干预效果GEE 修改线性回归，以比较每个研究阶段的平均生物标志物反应（干预效果）。在每个干预期的最后一天，参与者将完成 6 小时的食欲测试课程，其中将在低 EF 阶段提供两顿测试餐。在高 EF 阶段将提供四顿测试餐，并收集血液以评估感知的食欲以及食欲和饱腹感的激素，该调查结果将用于形成饮食频率的指南。整体健康的饮食。