Experimentally Testing Legally Feasible Regulatory Options for Reducing the Impact of the Point-of-sale Retail Environment on Adolescent Tobacco Use.

实验测试合法可行的监管方案，以减少销售点零售环境对青少年烟草使用的影响。

• 批准号: 9912130
• 负责人: William G Shadel
• 金额: $ 52.66万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-09 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9912130
• 关键词: Adolescent; Advertisements; Advertising; African American; Amendment; Boston; Budgets; Caucasians; Cigar; Cigarette; Collection; Consequentialism; Electronic cigarette; Environment; Exposure to; Future; Gender; Industry; Investigation; Legal; Life; Location; Menthol; Price; Public Health; Race; Reaction; Regulation; Research; Rights; Risk; Sales; San Francisco; Science; Smokeless Tobacco; Speech; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; United States; cigarillos; cost; court; evidence base; experimental study; health goals; posters; programs; reduce tobacco use; tobacco advertising; tobacco exposure; tobacco products

Project Summary Tobacco advertising at retail point-of-sale (POS) includes promotional allowances that permit tobacco products to be advertised and sold at reduced cost to consumers (e.g., two-for-one specials); high visibility sale and therefore placement of hundreds of tobacco products on power walls; and the display of a large, diverse collection of poster advertisements on the exterior of the stores. Adolescents are at significant risk for having repeated exposures to this tobacco rich POS environment and such exposures contribute to increases in adolescent tobacco use. Although curbing the effect of the tobacco rich POS environment on adolescent tobacco use is a critical public health goal, some POS advertising regulations are unlikely to be viable in the United States because they impinge upon the tobacco industry's commercial free speech rights. For example, eliminating the tobacco power wall is probably not a viable option in the US as it has been successfully challenged in court by the tobacco industry. POS regulations that do not violate the industry's commercial free speech rights stand a better chance of being upheld by the courts. For example, eliminating tobacco product price promotions, reducing the availability of tobacco products by restricting the sale of flavored products, and restricting how much door/window space tobacco product posters can occupy at POS, all have been implemented as feasible and legally defensible regulatory options at POS. The evidence base supporting the efficacy of these initiatives is, however, almost non-existent – leaving them open to legal scrutiny. The overall aim of this research is to experimentally evaluate different, legally-viable approaches to reducing the impact of the POS retail environment on adolescent tobacco use risk. We will be investigating the regulations for four classes of tobacco products (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, little cigars/cigarillos). We propose to investigate the extent to which eliminating tobacco product price promotions (Study 1), restricting how much door/window space tobacco posters can occupy at POS (Study 2), and eliminating the sale of flavored and/or mentholated tobacco products (Study 3) reduce adolescent tobacco-use risk. Each study will evaluate gender and race (African-American vs Caucasian) as key moderators of the regulations under investigation. The studies will take place in the RAND StoreLab, a life-sized replica of a convenience store that was developed to experimentally evaluate how altering aspects of tobacco promotion at POS influences tobacco use. These studies stand to provide critical proof-of-concept information on whether incremental (but legally feasible) changes to the POS environment influence adolescent tobacco use and thus, advance regulatory science aimed at helping adolescents resist the powerful, tobacco-rich POS retail environment.

项目摘要 零售销售点（POS）的烟草广告包括允许烟草产品的促销津贴 以降低的成本向消费者出售（例如，两比一特殊的特价）；高可见性销售和 因此，将数百种烟草产品放在电源壁上；以及大型潜水员的展示 商店外部的海报广告收集。青少年有很大的风险 反复接触这种烟草丰富的POS环境，这种暴露有助于增加 青少年烟草使用。尽管弯曲烟草丰富的POS环境对青少年的影响 烟草使用是一个关键的公共卫生目标，某些POS广告法规不太可能在 美国是因为它们影响了烟草业的商业言论自由权。例如， 在美国，消除烟草电墙可能不是一个可行的选择 烟草业在法庭上挑战。不违反行业商业免费的POS法规 演讲权是法院维持的更好机会。例如，消除烟草产品 价格促销，通过限制调味产品的销售来降低烟草产品的可用性，并且 限制烟草产品海报可以占用多少门/窗户空间，所有这些都是 在POS上以可行的和法律上的可辩护的监管选项实施。支持的证据基础 但是，这些举措的效率几乎不存在 - 使他们接受法律审查。总体 这项研究的目的是实验评估不同的，合法可行的方法来减少的影响 青少年烟草上的POS零售环境使用风险。我们将调查四个法规 类烟草产品（香烟，电子烟，无烟烟草，小雪茄/雪茄）。我们建议 研究消除烟草产品价格促销的程度（研究1），限制了多少 门/窗户空间烟草海报可以在POS（研究2）占据，并消除了风味和/或的销售 Menhol的烟草产品（研究3）降低了青少年烟草使用风险。每项研究都会评估性别 和种族（非裔美国人与高加索人）作为正在调查的法规的关键主持人。这 研究将在兰德·斯托拉布（Rand Storelab 通过实验评估POS促进烟草促进的各个方面如何影响烟草使用。这些 研究旨在提供有关递增（但合法可行）的关键概念证明信息 POS环境的变化会影响青少年烟草的使用，因此，针对性的监管科学针对 帮助青少年抵抗强大的，烟草丰富的POS零售环境。