Nutritional Regulation of Bone

骨骼的营养调节

基本信息

批准号：
8744648
负责人：
Sue Amy Shapses
金额：
$ 3.95万
依托单位：
RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-12-20 至 2015-12-19
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8744648
关键词：
Address Adipose tissue Adult Affect African American Age Asians Attenuated Biological Markers Body Weight Changes Body Weight decreased Bone Density Bone Resorption Bone Tissue Calcium Caloric Restriction Calories Carbohydrates Caucasians Caucasoid Race Chronic Data Diabetes Mellitus Diet Dietary Calcium Dietary Proteins Endocrine Estrogens Ethnic Origin Ethnic group Fat-Restricted Diet Fatty Acids Fatty acid glycerol esters Fracture Geometry Goals Health High Prevalence Hormones Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Insulin-Like Growth-Factor-Binding Proteins Intake Knowledge Metabolic Metabolic syndrome Minority Nutritional Obesity Osteoporosis Osteoporosis prevention Outcome Overweight Parathyroid gland Placebos Population Postmenopause Prevention Proteins Recommendation Regulation Risk Risk Factors Serum Site Skeletal Muscle South Asian Stomach Trochanters Variant Visceral Vitamin D Weight Weight maintenance regimen Woman blood glucose regulation bone bone geometry bone loss bone mass bone quality bone strength bone turnover calcium absorption calcium intake calcium metabolism cytokine disorder risk high risk high standard hypercalciuria improved interest moderate obesity muscle form novel obesity prevention prevent primary outcome protein intake response soft tissue weight maintenance

项目摘要

In the USA, minority populations are growing rapidly. The expected population increase from 2010 to 2015 is 37% for Asians and 20% for Black/African Americans (AA) compared to only 13% for White/Caucasians (C). It is well known that endocrine profiles may vary in these ethnic groups, and this may be associated with adipose depots that differ from Cs. For example, AA’s have higher rates of obesity than Cs, and metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in South Asians (SAs) as compared to other ethnic groups. While bone mineral density (BMD) in SAs is similar to Cs, fracture risk begins at an earlier age, and it is unclear if this is related to their lower muscle mass, higher visceral adipose tissue or altered an endocrine profile. AAs have higher muscle mass, BMD and lower fracture risk, compared to C. There are a rising number of fragility fractures in all ethnicities, and more recently, it has been shown that higher BMD in the obese is not protective. Weight loss is recommended to reduce risks associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, but there are also changes in BMD and geometry and increased fracture risk. Previous weight loss studies have shown that postmenopausal women are particularly vulnerable to BMD loss, yet these studies reflect the response in C women. Weight loss also differentially attenuates BMD and skeletal muscle mass at different anatomical sites and these same sites show variation in fracture risk by ethnicity. Since visceral adiposity is associated with compromised BMD, this too may affect bone differently across ethnic groups. Moreover, the variations in hormones and cytokines among ethnic groups may explain a differential bone response to wt change in these populations. In addition, Ca absorption is compromised during caloric restriction, and therefore it is important to determine if it is a risk factor for weight loss induced bone loss across ethnicities. The central hypothesis is that there will be BMD loss in all ethnic groups due to wt loss that will be partially explained by a reduction in Ca absorption, whereas site specific BMD loss will differ between ethnic groups and be related to the regional changes in muscle mass. In the proposed studies, we will study 3 ethnic groups (SA, AA and C) of postmenopausal overweight/obese women before and after weight loss to: 1) determine the effect on BMD, bone geometry and strength; 2) determine how BMD changes relate to changes in total and regional muscle mass and fat depots; and 3) examine if Ca absorption contributes to BMD changes with weight loss. Understanding ethnic-specific responses of bone and soft tissue to weight loss is novel and important due the unique metabolic profiles and disease risks in these ethnic groups. The ultimate goal is to develop and encourage healthy weight control strategies that are tailored to address ethnic diversity in the prevention of obesity and osteoporosis.

在美国，少数民族人口正在迅速增长。预期人口增长。从 2010 年到 2015 年，亚洲人的这一比例为 37%，黑人/非裔美国人 (AA) 的比例为 20% 白人/白种人的这一比例仅为 13% (C) 众所周知，内分泌特征可能有所不同。这些种族群体，这可能与不同于 Cs 的脂肪库有关。例如，AA 人群的肥胖率高于 C 人群，代谢综合征的发病率更高与其他种族相比，南亚人（SA）普遍存在骨矿物质。 SAs 中的密度 (BMD) 与 Cs 相似，骨折风险开始于较早年龄，目前尚不清楚如果这与他们较低的肌肉质量、较高的内脏脂肪组织或改变的相比之下，AA 具有更高的肌肉质量、BMD 和更低的骨折风险。到 C. 所有种族中脆性骨折的数量都在增加，最近，已经表明，肥胖者较高的骨密度并不能起到保护作用。建议降低与肥胖和代谢综合征相关的风险，但也有先前的减肥研究还显示 BMD 和几何形状的变化以及骨折风险的增加。研究表明，绝经后妇女特别容易遭受 BMD 损失，但这些研究反映了 C 类女性的反应，体重减轻也会不同程度地减弱 BMD。不同解剖部位的骨骼肌质量，这些相同部位表现出差异由于内脏肥胖与 BMD 受损有关，这也可能对不同种族的骨骼产生不同的影响。不同种族之间的激素和细胞因子可能解释骨骼反应的差异此外，这些人群的体重变化在热量摄入期间会受到影响。限制，因此确定它是否是减肥的风险因素很重要导致跨种族骨质流失的核心假设是骨密度会下降。在所有种族中，由于重量损失，部分原因是 Ca 减少吸收，而特定部位的 BMD 损失在种族之间会有所不同，并且相关在拟议的研究中，我们将研究 3 个种族。绝经后超重/肥胖妇女前后组（SA、AA 和 C）体重减轻：1) 确定对 BMD、骨骼几何形状和强度的影响；2) 确定 BMD 变化与总和局部肌肉质量和脂肪库的变化有何关系；以及 3) 检查钙吸收是否会导致体重减轻时的 BMD 变化。骨骼和软组织对减肥的种族特异性反应是新颖且重要的，因为这些种族群体独特的代谢特征和疾病风险的最终目标是。制定并鼓励针对种族问题量身定制的健康体重控制策略预防肥胖和骨质疏松症的多样性。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Is bone loss after gastric bypass surgery associated with the extent of weight loss?

胃绕道手术后骨质流失与体重减轻程度有关吗？

DOI：
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Shapses; Sue A
通讯作者：
Sue A

Vitamin D and prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: why the evidence falls short.

维生素 D 与心血管疾病和糖尿病的预防：证据不足的原因。

DOI：
发表时间：
2011-06-22
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Shapses, Sue A;Manson, JoAnn E
通讯作者：
Manson, JoAnn E

Three Doses of Vitamin D and Cognitive Outcomes in Older Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

三种剂量的维生素 D 与老年女性的认知结果：双盲随机对照试验。

DOI：
发表时间：
2020-04-17
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Castle, Monica;Fiedler, Nancy;Pop, Lilliana Claudia;Schneider, Stephen J;Schlussel, Yvette;Sukumar, Deeptha;Hao, Lihong;Shapses, Sue A
通讯作者：
Shapses, Sue A

Vitamin D supplementation during short-term caloric restriction in healthy overweight/obese older women: Effect on glycemic indices and serum osteocalcin levels.

健康超重/肥胖老年女性短期热量限制期间补充维生素 D：对血糖指数和血清骨钙素水平的影响。