Cancer prevention through neural and geospatial examination of tobacco marketing effects in smokers

通过神经和地理空间检查烟草营销对吸烟者的影响来预防癌症

基本信息

批准号：
9906870
负责人：
Emily Falk
金额：
$ 65.95万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-04-04 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9906870
关键词：
Affect Area Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain region Budgets Cancer Control Car Phone Cigarette Cigarette Smoker Communication Research Control Groups Correlation Studies Cues Data Ecological momentary assessment Environment Experimental Designs Exposure to Failure Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Habits Health Individual Instruction Intervention Laboratories Laboratory Study Link Location Maps Marketing Measures Medial Mediating Methods Outcome Participant Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Philadelphia Policies Policy Making Process Protocols documentation Regulation Reporting Research Sales Science Smoke Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Specificity Standardization Survey Methodology Surveys Testing Time Tobacco Industry United States Visual Water Work base behavior observation cancer prevention cigarette smoking craving cue reactivity design dosage experimental study functional MRI scan innovation insight interdisciplinary approach neuroimaging non-smoking novel novel strategies preventable death relating to nervous system response smoking cessation smoking cue tobacco advertising tobacco control

项目摘要

Project Summary / Abstract Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and illness in the United States and throughout the developed world. Currently, the tobacco industry focuses over 80% of its marketing budget in the retail environment. Recent work suggests detrimental links between exposure to point-of-sale tobacco marketing (POSTM), increases in cigarette cravings, and the failure to quit smoking. Understanding how individuals are influenced by and react to their natural environments when making health decisions is thus critical to cancer control efforts. We propose to use an innovative set of methods to test whether repeated, real-world exposure to POSTM affects smoking behavior, and whether this is mediated by heightened craving and neural responses to POSTM. Our novel multi-method approach to communication research includes mobile-phone based geolocation tracking, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). By adding the ecological validity of observational field methods to the mechanistic insight of neuroimaging, and causal inferences from an experimental design, we aim to significantly advance actionable insight about POSTM effects in cancer control. Research utilizing geospatial location tracking and survey methods suggests that high levels of POSTM exposure may increase craving; however, correlational studies preclude mechanistic explanations and causal inferences about POSTM effects. Relatedly, laboratory studies have documented neural and behavioral reactivity to standardized visual smoking cues, such as photographs of cigarettes, but the brain’s response to naturalistic POSTM exposure has not been explored. We hypothesize that exposure to POSTM increases brain responses to smoking cues as well as subjective craving, leading to increased smoking behavior. To test this, we will follow 180 daily smokers with geospatial location tracking and EMA to assess whether longitudinal fluctuations in real-world POSTM exposure are associated with moment-to-moment cigarette craving and smoking behavior (Aim 1), and whether these processes are related to differences in neural smoking cue reactivity (Aim 2). Finally, we will conduct an experiment that manipulates naturalistic exposure to POSTM to test whether these effects are causal (Aim 3). In the experimental phase, two groups of participants will enter and make a small purchase (e.g., water) at a retail outlet with or without POSTM displays 5 times per week for 4 weeks, while a third control group will not change their habits. We will measure neural responses and subjective cravings to POSTM exposure in all groups before and after the experimental manipulation. Protocol feasibility and dosage has been established through extensive pilot work. Increases in smoking behavior, craving, and/or neural cue reactivity in response to increased POSTM exposure would strongly implicate causal evidence for POSTM exposure, which is much needed for science-based policy making and could inform cancer control efforts.causal evidence for POSTM exposure, which is much needed for science-based policy making and could inform cancer control efforts.

项目摘要 /摘要吸烟是美国以及整个发达国家可预防死亡和疾病的主要原因。目前，烟草业在零售环境中关注其营销预算的80％以上。最近的工作表明，暴露于销售点烟草营销（POSTM），增加卷烟的渴望与未能戒烟之间的有害联系。因此，在做出健康决策时，了解个人如何受到自然环境的影响并反应对癌症控制努力至关重要。我们建议使用一组创新的方法来测试重复的，现实世界中对Postm的接触会影响吸烟行为，以及这是否是通过对Postm的渴望和神经反应的增强来介导的。我们的新型多方法通信研究方法包括基于移动电话的地理位置跟踪，生态瞬时评估（EMA）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。通过将观测场方法的生态有效性添加到神经影像学的机械见解中，以及从实验设计中的因果推断，我们旨在显着提高对癌症控制后邮政在癌症控制后影响的可行见解。利用地理空间位置跟踪和调查方法的研究表明，高水平的后接触可能会增加渴望。但是，相关研究排除了有关后效应的机理解释和因果推断。相关的实验室研究已记录了对标准化视觉吸烟提示的神经和行为反应性，例如香烟的照片，但尚未探索大脑对自然主义后接触的反应。我们假设暴露于PostM会增加对吸烟线索和主观渴望的大脑反应，从而增加吸烟行为。为了进行测试，我们将跟踪180名具有地理空间位置跟踪的日常吸烟者和EMA，以评估现实世界中postm暴露中的纵向波动是否与时刻到时刻的烟和吸烟行为有关（AIM 1），以及这些过程是否与神经吸烟的差异有关（AIM 2）。最后，我们将进行一项实验，以操纵自然主义的邮政信段，以测试这些影响是否是因果关系（AIM 3）。实验阶段，两组参与者将在零售店的零售店中进行少量购买（例如水），或者没有Postm每周显示5次，持续4周，而第三个对照组不会改变其习惯。我们将在实验操作之前和之后的所有组中衡量对POSTM暴露的中性反应和主观渴望。协议可行性和剂量是通过广泛的试点工作确定的。吸烟行为，渴望和/或神经反应的增加，响应于后M暴露的增加将强烈暗示灾难性证据证据，这对于基于科学的政策制定非常需要，并且可以为癌症控制的工作提供依据。这是科学政策制定的最需要的，这是基于科学的政策制定，并且可以为癌症控制努力。