Cancer prevention through neural and geospatial examination of tobacco marketing effects in smokers

通过神经和地理空间检查烟草营销对吸烟者的影响来预防癌症

基本信息

批准号：
10469308
负责人：
Emily Falk
金额：
$ 64.46万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-04-04 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10469308
关键词：
Affect Area Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain region Budgets Cancer Control Car Phone Cigarette Cigarette Smoker Communication Research Control Groups Correlation Studies Cues Data Ecological momentary assessment Environment Experimental Designs Exposure to Failure Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Habits Health Individual Instruction Intervention Laboratories Laboratory Study Link Location Maps Marketing Measures Medial Mediating Methods Outcome Participant Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Philadelphia Policies Policy Making Process Protocols documentation Regulation Reporting Research Sales Science Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Specificity Standardization Survey Methodology Surveys Testing Time Tobacco Industry United States Visual Water Work base behavior observation cancer prevention cigarette craving cigarette smoke cigarette smoking craving cue reactivity design dosage experimental study functional MRI scan innovation insight interdisciplinary approach neuroimaging non-smoking novel novel strategies preventable death relating to nervous system response smoking cessation smoking cue tobacco advertising tobacco control

项目摘要

Project Summary / Abstract Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and illness in the United States and throughout the developed world. Currently, the tobacco industry focuses over 80% of its marketing budget in the retail environment. Recent work suggests detrimental links between exposure to point-of-sale tobacco marketing (POSTM), increases in cigarette cravings, and the failure to quit smoking. Understanding how individuals are influenced by and react to their natural environments when making health decisions is thus critical to cancer control efforts. We propose to use an innovative set of methods to test whether repeated, real-world exposure to POSTM affects smoking behavior, and whether this is mediated by heightened craving and neural responses to POSTM. Our novel multi-method approach to communication research includes mobile-phone based geolocation tracking, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). By adding the ecological validity of observational field methods to the mechanistic insight of neuroimaging, and causal inferences from an experimental design, we aim to significantly advance actionable insight about POSTM effects in cancer control. Research utilizing geospatial location tracking and survey methods suggests that high levels of POSTM exposure may increase craving; however, correlational studies preclude mechanistic explanations and causal inferences about POSTM effects. Relatedly, laboratory studies have documented neural and behavioral reactivity to standardized visual smoking cues, such as photographs of cigarettes, but the brain’s response to naturalistic POSTM exposure has not been explored. We hypothesize that exposure to POSTM increases brain responses to smoking cues as well as subjective craving, leading to increased smoking behavior. To test this, we will follow 180 daily smokers with geospatial location tracking and EMA to assess whether longitudinal fluctuations in real-world POSTM exposure are associated with moment-to-moment cigarette craving and smoking behavior (Aim 1), and whether these processes are related to differences in neural smoking cue reactivity (Aim 2). Finally, we will conduct an experiment that manipulates naturalistic exposure to POSTM to test whether these effects are causal (Aim 3). In the experimental phase, two groups of participants will enter and make a small purchase (e.g., water) at a retail outlet with or without POSTM displays 5 times per week for 4 weeks, while a third control group will not change their habits. We will measure neural responses and subjective cravings to POSTM exposure in all groups before and after the experimental manipulation. Protocol feasibility and dosage has been established through extensive pilot work. Increases in smoking behavior, craving, and/or neural cue reactivity in response to increased POSTM exposure would strongly implicate causal evidence for POSTM exposure, which is much needed for science-based policy making and could inform cancer control efforts.causal evidence for POSTM exposure, which is much needed for science-based policy making and could inform cancer control efforts.

项目概要/摘要目前，烟草行业 80% 以上的营销预算都集中在零售环境中，吸烟是导致可预防死亡和疾病的主要原因。因此，了解个人在做出健康决策时如何受到自然环境的影响和反应对于癌症控制工作至关重要。测试是否重复的方法，现实世界接触 POSTM 会影响吸烟行为，以及这是否是由呼吸渴望和对 POSTM 的神经反应介导的。我们新颖的多方法传播研究包括基于手机的地理位置跟踪、生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 和功能。通过将观察场方法的生态有效性添加到神经影像学的机制洞察中，以及实验设计的因果推论，我们的目标是利用研究显着推进关于 POSTM 效应的可操作洞察。地理空间位置跟踪和调查方法表明，高水平的 POSTM 暴露可能会增加渴望；然而，相关研究排除了有关 POSTM 效应的机械解释和因果推论。相关地，实验室研究记录了对标准化视觉吸烟线索（例如照片）的神经和行为反应。但我们尚未探索大脑对自然 POSTM 暴露的反应，发现暴露于 POSTM 会增加大脑对吸烟线索和主观渴望的反应，从而导致吸烟行为增加。为了测试这一点，我们将通过地理空间位置跟踪和 EMA 跟踪 180 名日常吸烟者，以评估现实世界 POSTM 暴露的纵向波动是否与即时的香烟渴望和吸烟行为相关（目标 1），以及这些过程是否与吸烟有关。最后，我们将进行一项实验，利用 POSTM 的自然暴露来测试这些影响是否具有因果关系（目标 3）。两组参与者将在 4 周内每周进入有或没有 POSTM 显示器的零售店并进行小额购买（例如水），而第三组参与者将不会改变他们的习惯，我们将测量神经反应和神经反应。在实验操作之前和之后，所有组对 POSTM 暴露的主观渴望强烈，并且通过广泛的试点工作确定了剂量，吸烟行为、渴望和/或神经提示反应性的增加对 POSTM 暴露的增加表示因果关系。证据POSTM 暴露的因果证据，这对于基于科学的政策制定非常需要，并且可以为癌症控制工作提供信息。POSTM 暴露的因果证据，这对于基于科学的政策制定非常需要，并且可以为癌症控制工作提供信息。