Neurophysiological Aspects of Vision-based Speed of Processing Cognitive Training in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

轻度认知障碍老年人基于视觉的认知处理速度的神经生理学方面

基本信息

批准号：
9529687
负责人：
Feng Vankee Lin
金额：
$ 46.59万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-05 至 2020-05-10
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9529687
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Alzheimer&apos s Disease Alzheimer&apos s disease risk American Anatomy Attention Autonomic nervous system Behavior Therapy Biofeedback Biological Neural Networks Brain Cognitive Communities Control Groups Corpus striatum structure Development Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Educational Intervention Elderly Enrollment Foundations Health Care Costs Impaired cognition Incidence Individual Intervention Intervention Studies Leisure Activities Life Link Mediating Memory Morbidity - disease rate Nerve Degeneration Neuronal Plasticity Neurophysiology - biologic function Outcome Participant Pathology Pathway interactions Peripheral Phase Physical Exercise Physiological Play Population Process Psyche structure Psychological Transfer Randomized Research Research Personnel Rest Risk Role Sensory Short-Term Memory Stimulus Strategic Planning Structure Testing Training Translations Vision Work age related aging population amnestic mild cognitive impairment base behavioral study career clinical practice cognitive control cognitive function cognitive performance cognitive process cognitive training computerized effective intervention flexibility high risk improved indexing instrumental activity of daily living long term memory mild cognitive impairment neuropathology neurophysiology novel nutrition operation prevent processing speed public health relevance relating to nervous system response white matter young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), especially amnestic type, is considered a symptomatic pre-Alzheimer's disease (AD) phase, and is prevalent in the aging population. Vision-based speed of processing (VSOP) cognitive training is one of the most widely applied behavioral interventions in community-dwelling older Americans free of AD, holding potential to slow cognitive decline. Its particular relevance to MCI is supported by converging evidence from our preliminary studies, including a recently completed pilot intervention study. However, we know little about the mechanisms underlying the benefits of VSOP training, limiting our ability to further exploit VSOP or other forms of cognitive training. I particular, we do not know if and how the effects of VSOP training on cognitive performance are mediated by neuroplasticity-related brain changes. Since recent evidence suggests that neuroplasticity is inducible throughout adult life, even in MCI, it is possible that VSOP training promotes neuroplasticity and slows neurodegeneration. In this early stage and new investigator application, we will focus on assessing whether and how VSOP training, relative to mental leisure activities (MLA), alters cognitive and neural functions in older adults with MCI, up to 6 months after training. The study will enroll and randomize 84 participants with amnestic MCI to VSOP training or MLA control groups. Three specific research aims are to (1) determine whether VSOP training improves processing speed and attention that are associated with changes of brain structural and functional connectivity; (2) test a novel neurophysiological pathway of VSOP training effect on brain structure and function; (3) examine the effect of VSOP training on untrained cognitive and functional domains and the role of neurophysiological changes underlying possible transfer effects. By examining multiple neural and novel physiological mechanisms linking a promising VSOP training intervention to improvements in cognitive performance, this application seeks to challenge and shift current research on cognitive training that merely examines training effects on cognitive outcomes. Discovery of neural, and physiological-related mechanisms in VSOP training will have important implications beyond this particular intervention. Findings from recent behavioral studies (e.g., cognitive intervention, physical exercise, nutrition, and bio-feedback intervention) suggest that for cognitive decline to be mitigated in individuals at risk for AD, it will be necessary for interventions to target the neural and peripheral physiological pathways that are susceptible to AD neuropathology. Confirmation of the study hypotheses could support immediate translation to clinical practices by demonstrating the efficacy, sustainability, and generalizability of cognitve training.

描述（由适用提供）：轻度认知障碍（MCI），尤其是柔韧性类型，被认为是有症状的前阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）阶段，并且在老龄化的人口中很普遍。基于视觉的加工速度（VSOP）认知训练是居住在社区居住的老年美国人中最广泛应用的行为干预措施之一，具有减慢认知能力下降的潜力。从我们的初步研究中融合证据，包括最近完成的试点干预研究，它与MCI的特别相关。但是，我们对VSOP培训的好处的基本机制知之甚少，限制了我们进一步利用VSOP或其他形式的认知培训的能力。我特别，我们不知道VSOP培训对与神经可塑性相关的大脑变化介导的VSOP培训的影响。由于最近的证据表明，即使在MCI中，神经可塑性也可以诱导，因此VSOP训练可能会促进神经可塑性并减少神经变性。在此早期阶段和新的研究人员的应用中，我们将重点介绍VSOP培训在培训后长达6个月的MCI老年人中相对于精神休闲活动（MLA），改变认知和神经功能。这项研究将将84名具有Amnestic MCI的参与者随机为VSOP培训或MLA对照组。三个特定的研究目的是（1）确定VSOP培训是否会提高与大脑结构和功能连通性变化相关的处理速度和关注；（2）测试VSOP训练对大脑结构和功能的新型神经生理途径；（3）检查VSOP培训对未经训练的认知和功能领域的影响以及可能转移效应的神经生理变化的作用。通过检查多种神经元和新颖的物理机制，将承诺的VSOP培训干预措施与改善认知表现联系起来，该应用程序旨在挑战和转移对认知训练的当前研究，这些研究仅检查培训对认知结果的影响。在VSOP培训中发现神经元和与物理相关的机制将在这种特定干预措施之外具有重要的含义。最近的行为研究（例如，认知干预，体育锻炼，营养和生物反馈干预措施）的发现表明，对于处于AD风险的个体中的认知能力下降，必须采取干预措施来靶向神经和外周种物理途径，这些物理易于AD神经病理学。确认研究假设可以通过证明认知培训的效率，可持续性和概括性来支持立即转化为临床实践。