The Role of the Hippocampus in Early Memory for Words

海马体在早期单词记忆中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
9893909
负责人：
SIMONA GHETTI
金额：
$ 23.55万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-03-15 至 2023-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9893909
关键词：
Academic achievement Address Adult Age Age-Months Amnesia Anxiety Auditory Behavioral Brain Child Child Support Cognition Data Development Developmental Process Disease Episodic memory Event Eye Movements Face Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Hippocampus (Brain)Human Human Development Impairment Individual Infant Investigation Language Language Development Learning Learning Skill Life Light Literature Memory Mental Depression Mental Health Methodology Methods Names Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurologic Performance Play Population Public Health Puppet Reporting Research Role Sleep Source Structure Testing Time Toddler Vocabulary base cognitive neuroscience early childhood early experience experience imaging modality improved in vivo infancy innovation neuroimaging neuromechanism novel novel strategies relating to nervous system skills spatiotemporal theories visual tracking word learning

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Episodic memory, or the ability to remember past events with specific detail, is central to the human experience and is related to learning and adaptive functioning in a variety of domains. In typically developing children, episodic memory improves emerges during infancy and improves during early childhood and beyond. Despite remarkable early episodic memory skills, most early recollections are lost to infantile amnesia, individuals' inability to recall events occurred in the first 2 or 3 years of life. Developmental processes within the hippocampus are hypothesized to be primarily responsible for both the early emergence of episodic memory in children and the loss of early recollections due to infantile amnesia. However, these hypotheses are based on non-human models and in-vivo investigations in early human development have been significantly limited by the methodological challenge of acquiring neuroimaging data, particularly task-related functional neuroimaging data, from young children. Recent studies in adults have highlighted that the hippocampus is involved in the acquisition of the initially arbitrary association between new words and their referents, a capacity markedly impaired in hippocampal amnesia. We propose to leverage the remarkable word-learning skills in infants and toddlers to explore whether neural substrates of memory for words can be used as a marker of early episodic memory. The proposed research will explore new methods to test hippocampal structure and function in infants and toddlers ages 18 to 30 months, a period during which episodic memory improves, hundreds of words are being learned, but infantile amnesia operates. Relevance to Public Health: Healthy episodic memory provides a foundation for the emergence and development of autobiographical memory, continuity of self from past to future, and is associated with intellectual ability and academic achievement. The development of episodic memory is impaired following even mild forms of acquired neurological insult, mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression, and neurodevelopmental disorders; language acquisition is additionally impaired in a number of disorders underscoring that a characterization of memory and vocabulary development is key to understanding adaptive functioning in various populations of children.

项目摘要情节记忆或记住特定细节的过去事件的能力，是人类的核心经验，与各种领域的学习和自适应功能有关。在典型发展中儿童，在婴儿期及其幼儿期间及以后时期的情节记忆会得到改善。尽管早期的情节记忆技巧显着，但大多数早期的回忆都丢失给婴儿健忘症，个人无法回忆事件发生在生命的前2或3年。发展过程中的发展过程海马被认为主要负责情节记忆的早期出现儿童和由于婴儿健忘症引起的早期回忆的丧失。但是，这些假设是基于非人类模型和早期人类发展的体内调查已受到显着限制获取神经影像数据的方法学挑战，尤其是与任务相关的功能神经影像学数据，来自幼儿。在成年人中的最新研究表明，海马参与了最初的获取新单词及其指南之间的任意关联，这种能力在海马中显着损害健忘症。我们建议利用婴儿和幼儿的非凡单词学习技能来探索单词记忆的神经基板是否可以用作早期情节记忆的标记。拟议的研究将探讨婴儿和婴儿的海马结构和功能的新方法 18至30个月的幼儿，在此期间，情节记忆有所改善，数百个单词正在学会了，但婴儿健忘症运作。与公共卫生相关：健康的情节记忆为出现和自传记忆的发展，从过去到未来的连续性，与智力能力和学术成就。即使轻度获得的神经系统侮辱，焦虑和抑郁等心理健康状况以及神经发育障碍；语言获取在多种疾病中还受到损害强调记忆和词汇发展的特征是理解适应性的关键在各种儿童人群中发挥作用。