Neural Substrates of the Development of Recognition Memory

识别记忆发展的神经基础

• 批准号: 7184767
• 负责人: SIMONA GHETTI
• 金额: $ 7.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7184767
• 关键词: 18 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Area; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Cognition; Development; Dissociation; Event; Familiarity; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hippocampus (Brain); Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Knowledge; Learning; Measures; Medial; Memory; Methods; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences Research; Participant; Pathology; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Public Health; Range; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Retrieval; Scanning; Structure; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thinking; Time; Traumatic Brain Injury; age difference; age group; base; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; entorhinal cortex; improved; memory recognition; neuromechanism; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background and Aims: The ability to recognize past events is a fundamental aspect of our ability to remember. Two processes are thought to underlie recognition memory: recollection and familiarity. Recollection is the process that allows for the retrieval of distinct features associated with the context in which the event was originally encountered. Familiarity is the process that allows for the global assessment of the strength of the memory trace of the event, in the absence of memory for contextual features. A developmental dissociation between the two processes has been documented in behavioral research: Whereas recollection appears to continue to develop over the course of childhood and adolescence, familiarity appears to become relatively stable during childhood. Cognitive neuroscience research with adults has shown that recollection and familiarity rely on distinct brain structures and that activity in these brain regions is dissociable both at time of encoding and at time of retrieval. One gap in our knowledge concerns the neural mechanisms underlying the developmental dissociation between recollection and familiarity. The proposed research aims to address this gap by examining encoding-related processes during development. The specific aims of the proposed project are: (1) to identify the neural correlates of the development of recollection, and (2) to identify the neural correlates of the development of familiarity. Methods: The proposed research involves an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment with 8-, 10-, 14-, and 18-years-olds (20 participants per age group). Participants will be scanned during an incidental encoding task. Memory for the items processed in the scanner will be tested later, and measures of brain activity will be extracted as a function of this later memory performance. Significance: The proposed research will generate new knowledge about age-differences in the neural substrates of recollection and familiarity related to encoding processes. The findings will contribute to the development of a more comprehensive theory of recognition memory, as well as to an understanding of the relation between brain functioning and cognitive development. Relevance for public health: Knowledge about typical memory development is critical to understanding atypical memory development, as seen, for example, in child populations with traumatic brain injury or type-1 diabetes. Understanding the neural correlates of the development of various learning mechanisms is relevant to facilitating adaptive functioning in a wide range of domains.

描述（由申请人提供）：背景和目的：识别过去事件的能力是我们记住能力的基本方面。人们认为两个过程是识别记忆的基础：回忆和熟悉。回忆是允许检索与最初遇到的事件相关的不同特征的过程。熟悉度是一个过程，该过程允许在没有内存特征内存的情况下全局评估事件的内存轨迹的强度。在行为研究中已经证明了这两个过程之间的发展解离：尽管回忆似乎在童年和青春期的过程中持续发展，但熟悉度似乎在儿童时期变得相对稳定。与成年人的认知神经科学研究表明，回忆和熟悉程度依赖于不同的大脑结构，并且在编码时和检索时，这些大脑区域的活性都是可以解散的。我们知识中的一个差距涉及回忆和熟悉度之间发育分离的基础的神经机制。拟议的研究旨在通过研究开发过程中与编码相关的过程来解决这一差距。拟议项目的具体目的是：（1）确定回忆发展的神经相关性，以及（2）确定熟悉程度发展的神经相关性。方法：拟议的研究涉及与8岁，10、14和18岁的事件相关的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）实验（每个年龄段20参与者）。参与者将在偶然的编码任务中进行扫描。扫描仪中处理的项目的内存将在稍后进行测试，并且将提取大脑活动的度量，这是以后的记忆性能的函数。意义：拟议的研究将产生有关回忆神经基质和与编码过程有关的熟悉的新知识。这些发现将有助于发展更全面的识别记忆理论，以及对大脑功能与认知发展之间关系的理解。与公共卫生的相关性：关于典型记忆发展的知识对于理解非典型记忆发展至关重要，例如在患有脑外伤或1型糖尿病的儿童人群中所见。了解各种学习机制发展的神经相关性与促进在广泛领域的适应性功能有关。