Exposure to Violence and Physical Aggression in Early Adolescence

青春期早期遭受暴力和身体攻击的情况

• 批准号: 9379980
• 负责人: ALBERT D FARRELL
• 金额: $ 22.61万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9379980
• 关键词: 17 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; African American; Aggressive behavior; Asthma; Belief; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Development; Developmental Process; Emotional; Etiology; Exposure to; Family; Female Adolescents; Fibrinogen; Frequencies; Funding; Gender; Goals; Individual; Intervention; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Literature; Male Adolescents; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Obesity; Participant; Persons; Physical aggression; Poverty; Prevention; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Reporter; Research; Risk; Sample Size; Schools; Smoking; Societies; Suicide; Testing; Time; Victimization; Violence; Youth; analytical method; antisocial behavior; cohort; critical period; early adolescence; eighth grade; experience; gender difference; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; junior high school; longitudinal analysis; male; peer; peer influence; physical conditioning; secondary analysis; sixth grade; social; teacher; time interval; violence victimization

PROJECT SUMMARY Adolescents, particularly those growing up in urban communities with high rates of poverty and crime, experience high levels of exposure to violence as both witnesses and victims. Exposure to violence during adolescence has been associated with a host of physical and mental health problems with serious consequences for individuals and society. Prior research has established that youth frequently exposed to violence are more likely to engage in aggressive behavior, but the causal relation between violence exposure and aggression, and the underlying factors that account for this relation have not been clearly established. The goal of this project is to clarify the relation between violence exposure (both witnessing and victimization) and aggressive behavior during adolescence, and to identify mechanisms that account for this relation. This project differs from prior studies that have examined between-person factors that influence trajectories of violent behavior and violence exposure across the life course. Its focus is on time-specific within-person factors (i.e., mediators) within each grade of middle school that influence within-individual (i.e., within-person) changes during early adolescence. Early adolescence is a particularly salient time for such a focus because of the many changes that increase adolescents’ risk of exposure to violence, victimization, and aggression. Furthermore, the most common trajectory of antisocial behavior has its onset during adolescence and is related to social processes and peer influences that emerge during this time. Establishing the underlying developmental process is critical both for understanding the etiology of aggressive behavior and for identifying optimal points of intervention to deflect trajectories of problem behavior. This project addresses these goals through secondary analysis of a rich data set from a project that collected data on measures of witnessing violence, victimization, physical aggression, beliefs and values, and delinquent peer associations every 3 months through all 3 years of middle school. Participants were 1,795 adolescents from seven cohorts at three public middle schools in urban communities with high rates of crime and violence. They ranged from 10 to 17 years old (83% African American; 47% male). Each cohort was assessed four times per year for up to 3 years with collateral data from teachers’ ratings. Examining changes across these 12 waves will allow us to examine changes both within and across all three years of middle school and during the summers between school years. This project’s specific aims are to: 1) Investigate reciprocal relations between violence exposure and aggression during each grade of middle school. 2) Determine the extent to which beliefs and values mediate the impact of adolescents’ exposure to violence on aggressive behavior. 3) Determine the extent to which peer associations mediate the impact of aggression on exposure to violence. These aims will be addressed using recently developed approaches to latent curve modeling that provide more direct and refined tests of hypotheses about both between-person and within-person changes than has previously been possible.

项目摘要 青少年，尤其是那些在贫困和犯罪率高的城市社区中成长的青少年， 作为证人和可怕的事件，经历高水平的暴力暴力。暴力暴力 青少年与许多严重的身心健康问题有关 对个人和社会的后果。先前的研究已经确定，年轻人经常接触 暴力更有可能从事侵略性行为，但是暴力暴露之间的因果关系 尚未明确建立积极进取的以及解释这种关系的基本因素。这 该项目的目标是阐明暴力暴露（见证和胜利）与 青少年期间的侵略性行为，并确定解释这种关系的机制。这个项目 与先前研究有关影响暴力轨迹的人之间因素的差异 整个生活过程中的行为和暴力暴露。它的重点是特定时间的人体因素（即 调解人）在中学的每个年级中，都会影响个人内部（即，人身内部）变化 在青少年早期。早期青少年是如此重点的特别时间，因为很多 改变青少年暴力，胜利和侵略性的风险。此外， 反社会行为最常见的轨迹在青少年时期就开始了，与社会有关 过程和同伴会影响此期间出现的。建立潜在的发展 过程对于理解侵略性行为的病因和确定最佳点至关重要 干预涉及问题行为的缺陷轨迹。该项目通过 从项目中收集有关目击暴力的测量数据的项目集对丰富数据集的次要分析， 胜利，身体侵略，信念和价值观以及每3个月拖欠同伴协会 在所有三年的中学期间。参与者是来自三个公众的七个队列的1,795名青少年 犯罪和暴力率高的城市社区中的中学。他们的范围从10到17年不等 老（83％的非裔美国人；男性47％）。每个队列每年每年四次评估3年 来自教师评级的抵押数据。检查这12波的变化将使我们能够检查 在中学的三年内和学校之间的整个三年内变化 年。该项目的具体目的是：1）调查暴力暴露与 在中学的每个年级期间的侵略性。 2）确定信念和价值观介导的程度 青少年暴力暴力对侵略行为的影响。 3）确定在哪个同行的程度 协会调解了积极对暴露暴露的影响。这些目标将使用 最近开发的潜在曲线建模方法，可提供更直接和精致的测试 关于人际关系和人际关系变化的假设比以前可能的假设。