Obesity, Body Fat Distribution, and Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort

多种族人群的肥胖、体脂肪分布和癌症风险

基本信息

批准号：
9272970
负责人：
LOIC LE MARCHAND
金额：
$ 10万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9272970
关键词：
Abdomen Adipose tissue African American Age Asians Behavior Behavioral Biochemical Biochemical Genetics Biological Biological Markers Blood Body Size Body fat Body mass index Breast Central obesity Cessation of life Chronic Cognitive Cohort Studies Colorectal Colorectal Cancer Data Diabetes Mellitus Diagnostic Dietary Component Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Eating Behavior Elderly Employee Strikes Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Epidemic Estrogens Ethnic group Fatty acid glycerol esters Fright Genetic Variation Genome Goals Growth Hawaiian population Health Height Heterogeneity High Prevalence Hip region structure Hispanics Hormonal Incidence Individual Inflammation Insulin Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Intra-abdominal Japanese American Latino Life Style Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging Malignant Neoplasms Measurement Measures Metabolic Metabolic Diseases Modeling Nested Case-Control Study Nutritional Obesity Obesity associated cancer Obesity associated disease Participant Pattern Phenotype Plasma Population Prevention Race Research Risk Role Sampling Sleep Source Surveys Testing Visceral Weight adipokines base cancer risk circulating biomarkers cohort cytokine disorder risk effective intervention ethnic difference experience gut microbiome health disparity high risk imaging modality improved malignant breast neoplasm metabolome metabolomics microbial predictive modeling predictive signature programs prospective racial and ethnic racial difference racial minority screening sex subcutaneous waist circumference

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity explains approximately 20% of all cancers in the U.S. Our current understanding of the mechanisms involved is only partial, and has not led to effective interventions. As the current obesity epidemic continues unabated, especially among the poor and lower middle class, it is feared that recent progress in lowering cancer rates may be reversed, and health disparities worsened. Markedly different patterns of adiposity exist among the five ethnic/racial populations of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study (African Americans, Japanese Americans, Latinos, Native Hawaiians, whites). Most surprisingly, we observed striking ethnic differences in the association of BMI with cancer. For example, for breast cancer, the association was strongest, and occurred starting at low levels of BMI (>25 kg/m2), for Japanese Americans and Native Hawaiians, two groups with more central adiposity. In contrast, the association in the other ethnic groups occurred only at high BMI levels (>30 kg/m2). We interpret these differences as supporting an important role for body fat distribution, i addition to amount. Our preliminary data also suggest that considering lifestyle variables and biomarkers in addition to BMI and waist measures improves the size predictions for central adiposity, intra-abdominal visceral fat, and liver fat, as assessed by DXA and MRI. Thus far, there has been no comprehensive study of obesity patterns and their determinants in U.S. ethnic/racial minorities and of their relationships with cancer risk. We propose a new program of research that will: 1) describe the amount and distribution of body fat in 5 major U.S. ethnic/racial populations using whole body DXA and abdominal MRI; 2) identify nutritional, behavioral, biochemical, genetic, metabolomic and gut microbiome predictors of these fat distribution patterns; 3) investigate inter-relationships among these predictors to better understand the causes of obesity; 4) build integrated predictive models for these body fat distributions phenotypes; and 5) test prospectively these predicted phenotypes for associations with breast and colorectal cancer risks in the MEC. A better understanding of the causes of obesity in ethnic/racial minorities may open new avenues for prevention and treatment and help in reducing health disparities.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖说明美国所有癌症的大约20％，我们目前对所涉及机制的理解只是部分，并且没有导致有效的干预措施。随着目前的肥胖症流行持续不断，尤其是在贫困和下层中产阶级中，人们担心最近降低癌症率的进展可能会逆转，健康差异恶化。多民族队列（MEC）研究（非裔美国人，日裔美国人，拉丁美洲人，夏威夷人，白人）的五个种族/种族人口中存在明显不同的肥胖模式。最令人惊讶的是，我们观察到BMI与癌症关联的族裔差异引人注目。例如，对于乳腺癌，该关联最强，并且发生在低水平的BMI（> 25 kg/m2）开始，对于日裔美国人和夏威夷原住民，这两个群体具有更大的中心肥胖。相比之下，其他种族的关联仅发生在高BMI水平（> 30 kg/m2）。我将这些差异解释为支持人体脂肪分布的重要作用，我增加了数量。我们的初步数据还表明，除了BMI和腰部措施外，考虑生活方式变量和生物标志物，可改善中央肥胖，腹内内脏脂肪和肝脏脂肪的大小预测，如DXA和MRI评估。到目前为止，还没有对肥胖模式及其在美国/种族少数民族中的决定因素及其与癌症风险的关系。我们提出了一项新的研究计划，该计划将：1）描述使用全身DXA和腹部MRI的5个主要种族/种族种群中体内脂肪的数量和分布； 2）确定这些脂肪分布模式的营养，行为，生化，遗传，代谢组和肠道微生物组的预测因子； 3）研究这些预测因子之间的相互关系，以更好地了解肥胖的原因； 4）为这些体内脂肪分布表型构建综合预测模型； 5）前瞻性测试这些预测的表型，以在MEC中与乳腺癌和结直肠癌风险的关联。更好地了解少数民族/种族少数民族肥胖的原因可能会为预防和治疗提供新的途径，并有助于减少健康差异。