Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

了解癌症的种族差异：多种族队列研究

• 批准号: 10166376
• 负责人: LOIC LE MARCHAND
• 金额: $ 19.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10166376
• 关键词: Adipose tissue; Adult; Alcohols; Biological Markers; Central obesity; Cohort Studies; Collection; Colorectal Cancer; Data; Diet; Dietary Component; Dietary Fiber; Dietary intake; Doctor of Philosophy; Emission-Computed Tomography; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Genetic; Grant; Healthy Eating; IGFBP3 gene; Incidence; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Japan; Japanese American; Japanese Population; Leptin; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Meat; Nested Case-Control Study; Nutritional; Obesity; Parents; Participant; Physical activity; Play; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Principal Investigator; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Questionnaires; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; SHBG gene; Smoking; Time; Tokyo; Visceral; X-Ray Computed Tomography; adiponectin; base; blood-based biomarker; cancer health disparity; case control; cohort; colorectal cancer risk; community based participatory research; disorder risk; ethnic difference; genome wide association study; high risk; indexing; interest; middle age; prospective; racial and ethnic disparities; response; study population; sugar; tissue biomarkers; trend

Global Cancer Health Disparities Supplement to U01 CA164973 “Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study” Principal Investigator: Loïc Le Marchand, MD, PhD Title: Understanding the high colorectal cancer risk of Japanese Americans: A MEC-JPHC comparison Abstract: This application is being submitted in response to the Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) identified as NOT-CA- 20-032. The purpose of this supplement is to better understand the very high risk of Japanese Americans for colorectal cancer by comparing risk factors and cancer-related biomarkers between two populations with substantially different risks: Japanese Americans participating in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) and Japanese participants in the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study (JPHC) Cohort. These two cohorts conducted on genetically similar populations, have very comparable community-based designs, questionnaires, biospecimen collection protocols and time course. Therefore, they provide a unique opportunity to better understand similarities and differences in incidence trends and risk factors for cancer in these two populations. In Aim 1, we propose to validate a blood biomarker-based score for visceral adipose tissue (VAT), originally developed in MEC, among 140 healthy Tokyo middle-aged adults with VAT measurement available. This score was associated with colorectal cancer in Japanese Americans in MEC, independently of BMI and other risk factors, suggesting that VAT, a type of fat disproportionally abundant in Japanese Americans, may play an important role in explaining their high risk for the disease. In contrast, obesity has remained rare in Japan. In Aim 2, we propose to formally compare risk factors for colorectal cancer in Japanese between MEC (N=2,092 cases) and JPHC (N=2,600 cases). We will focus on risk factors particularly relevant to Japanese Americans, such as VAT and VAT-related nutritional components, and investigate whether they explain differences in incidence of colorectal cancer between the two cohorts. These risk factors include: for prospective analyses: diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015, Japanese Diet Index), intakes of dietary components (e.g., sugars, fat, dietary fiber, red meat, well-done meat, alcohol), physical activity, BMI, and smoking, and for nested case-control studies (381 cases / 381 controls in MEC; 375 cases / controls in JPHC): the VAT biomarker score and cancer-related biomarkers (IGF-I, IGFBP3, insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, adiponectin, SHBG). The similarity of genetic ancestry will be confirmed based on available GWAS data. By contributing very similar data from an outside comparison population, this supplement will further the parent U01 CA164973 grant’s aim to better understand reasons for ethnic/racial disparities in cancer by focusing on Japanese Americans, a rarely-studied population.

U01 CA164973 全球癌症健康差异补充 “了解癌症的种族差异：多种族队列研究” 首席研究员：Loïc Le Marchand，医学博士、哲学博士 标题：了解日裔美国人结直肠癌的高风险：MEC-JPHC 比较 抽象的： 本申请是为了响应被识别为 NOT-CA- 的特殊利益通知 (NOSI) 而提交的 20-032 本补充文件的目的是更好地了解日裔美国人面临的极高风险。 通过比较两个人群之间的危险因素和癌症相关生物标志物来诊断结直肠癌 显着不同的风险：参加多民族队列 (MEC) 的日裔美国人和日本人 日本公共卫生中心前瞻性研究 (JPHC) 队列的参与者。 在遗传相似的人群中进行，具有非常相似的基于社区的设计， 因此，它们提供了一个独特的机会。 更好地了解这两种疾病的发病趋势和危险因素的异同 在目标 1 中，我们建议验证基于血液生物标志物的内脏脂肪组织评分。 (VAT)，最初由 MEC 开发，针对 140 名健康的东京中年人进行增值税测量 该评分与 MEC 中日裔美国人的结直肠癌相关，独立于 MEC。 BMI 和其他风险因素表明增值税（一种日本人不成比例地丰富的脂肪） 美国人可能在解释他们患这种疾病的高风险方面发挥着重要作用。 在目标 2 中，我们建议正式比较日本结直肠癌的危险因素。 日本 MEC（N=2,092 例）和 JPHC（N=2,600 例）之间的关系 我们将特别关注风险因素。 与日裔美国人相关的问题，例如增值税和与增值税相关的营养成分，并进行调查 他们是否解释了两个队列之间结直肠癌发病率的差异。 包括：用于前瞻性分析：饮食质量（健康饮食指数-2015，日本饮食指数）、摄入量 饮食成分（例如糖、脂肪、膳食纤维、红肉、熟肉、酒精）、体力活动、BMI、 和吸烟，以及巢式病例对照研究（MEC 中 381 例/381 例对照；MEC 中 375 例/对照） JPHC)：VAT 生物标志物评分和癌症相关生物标志物（IGF-I、IGFBP3、胰岛素、HOMA-IR、瘦素、 脂联素、SHBG）的遗传血统的相似性将根据可用的 GWAS 数据进行确认。 从外部比较人群中提供非常相似的数据，该补充将进一步促进父母 U01 CA164973 赠款的目的是通过重点关注更好地了解癌症中种族/种族差异的原因 日裔美国人是一个很少被研究的群体。