Maternal Acculturation in Pregnancy and Infant Adiposity in Mexican Americans

墨西哥裔美国人怀孕期间的母亲文化适应和婴儿肥胖

基本信息

批准号：
9315211
负责人：
Sonja Entringer
金额：
$ 71.95万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-13 至 2021-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9315211
关键词：
Accounting Acculturation Address Adoption Age Age-Months Alcohol or Other Drugs use American Attention Behavioral Biological Biological Markers Biological Process Biology Biophysics Birth Body Composition CRH gene Cells Characteristics Child Child Development Classification Clinical Cohort Effect Communities Complement Data Development Diet Dimensions Disadvantaged Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Early identification Elements Employee Strikes Endocrine Epidemiology Equation Exhibits Family Fatty acid glycerol esters Fetal Development Fetus Future Generations Glucose Goals Grant Graph Growth Growth and Development function Health Hispanics Hydrocortisone Ice Immigrant Immune Individual Infant Insulin Intervention Intervention Studies Life Life Experience Light Link Longitudinal Studies Maternal and Child Health Measures Mediating Metabolic Mexican Mexican Americans Mexico Minority Modeling Mothers Neighborhoods Newborn Infant Obesity Outcome Study Pathway Analysis Pathway interactions Phenotype Physical activity Play Population Predisposition Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimesters Preventive Intervention Process Protocols documentation Psychological Stress Public Health Recruitment Activity Research Research Personnel Risk Role Rural Sleep Social support Socioeconomic Status Son Stress Structure Subgroup TNF gene Testing Time Tissues Transducers Trees United States Validation Variant Woman allostatic load biophysical properties body system cohort disorder risk feeding fetal gestational weight gain in utero infancy intergenerational maternal stress migration novel obesity in children obesity risk offspring postnatal prenatal prospective psychologic psychosocial secondary analysis sensor sex social study population transmission process unborn child whole body imaging

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT This proposal addresses the compelling public health issue of the problem of childhood obesity in the Hispanic (Mexican-‐American) population. In this context, one of the most striking epidemiological observations is that Hispanic immigrants in the U.S. exhibit a progressive and pronounced decline in health (obesity/ adiposity) over time and across generations that is evident even after accounting for socioeconomic status. The prevailing paradigm invokes the construct of acculturation (post-‐migration acquisition of host culture and/or loss of heritage culture) and posits this health decline is a biological consequence of some of acculturation’s psychosocial and behavioral sequelae (increasing stress, declining social ties, adoption of unhealthy diet). However, research has overlooked one crucial point: a major feature of this phenomenon is its intergenerational component, and yet intergenerational transmission is unaddressed. Our proposal seeks to address this important limitation. We propose that the cause of the observed intergenerational escalation in obesity among Mexican-‐Americans may, in part, originate during the intrauterine period of life. At this time, maternal acculturation-‐related processes may impact fetal development to produce phenotypic alterations in the structure and function of cells, tissues and organ systems that increase susceptibility for obesity/adiposity (i.e., the concept of “fetal/developmental programming of health and disease risk”). We propose to conduct a prospective, longitudinal study in a representative cohort of N=300 first-‐ and second-‐ generation Mexican-‐American mothers and their offspring from early gestation through birth till 6-‐month age. We will conceptualize, operationalize and analyze acculturation as a multi-‐dimensional construct. We will quantify child adiposity (% fat mass) at birth and at 6-‐mo age by dual-‐energy X-‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) whole-‐body imaging. We will address the following specific aims: Aim 1: Test the hypothesis that maternal acculturation is prospectively associated with newborn and infant body composition (adiposity). Aim 2: Test the hypothesis that gestational endocrine (cortisol, CRH), immune (IL-‐6, TNF-‐α, CRP), oxidative (5-‐iPF2α-‐VI), and metabolic (glucose, insulin) biology across pregnancy mediates the effect of maternal acculturation on newborn and infant body composition (adiposity). Aim 3: Identify and quantify the potentially modifiable maternal psychological, behavioral and biophysical characteristics that are associated with acculturation and may account for its impact on gestational biology and child body composition (adiposity). We have assembled an interdisciplinary team of established investigators with complementary expertise; performed a feasibility analysis documenting our ability to recruit and retain the proposed study population and implement all elements of the study protocol; and collected and present preliminary data in support of the key tenets of our proposal. Our study will generate new information about the health of Mexican Americans, shed more light on the causes and mechanisms of intergenerational cycles of vulnerability, and provide a basis for developing specific translational targets for future intervention studies.

项目概要/摘要该提案解决了西班牙裔儿童肥胖问题这一引人注目的公共卫生问题在这种情况下，最引人注目的流行病学观察之一是西班牙裔。随着时间的推移，美国移民的健康状况（肥胖/肥胖）逐渐显着下降即使在考虑了社会经济地位之后的几代人中，这一点也很明显。流行的范式援引了这一概念。文化适应（移民后获得东道国文化和/或失去遗产文化）并假定健康状况下降。是一些文化适应的心理社会和行为后遗症（压力增加、能力下降）的生物学后果社会关系、采用不健康饮食）然而，研究忽视了一个关键点：这一点的一个主要特征。现象是其代际组成部分，但代际传播尚未得到解决。我们试图解决这一重要的局限性。墨西哥裔美国人的肥胖可能部分源于胎儿时期。文化适应相关过程可能会影响胎儿发育，从而产生结构和表型的改变增加肥胖易感性的细胞、组织和器官系统的功能（即概念 “健康和疾病风险的胎儿/发育规划”）。我们建议在 N=300 的代表性队列中进行一项前瞻性纵向研究我们将帮助一代墨西哥裔美国母亲及其后代从妊娠早期到出生直至 6 个月大。将文化适应作为一个多维结构进行概念化、操作化和分析。我们将量化儿童。我们将通过双能 X 射线吸收测定法 (DXA) 全身成像测量出生时和 6 个月龄时的肥胖情况（脂肪质量百分比）。解决以下具体目标：目标 1：检验母亲文化适应具有前瞻性相关性的假设目的 2：检验妊娠内分泌（皮质醇、肥胖）的假设。 CRH）、免疫（IL-‐6、TNF-‐α、CRP）、氧化（5‐iPF2α‐VI）和整个妊娠期间的代谢（葡萄糖、胰岛素）生物学介导母亲文化适应对新生儿和婴儿身体成分（肥胖）的影响。量化相关的潜在可改变的母亲心理、行为和生物物理特征与文化适应有关，并可能解释其对妊娠生物学和儿童身体成分（肥胖）的影响。我们组建了一支由具有互补专业知识的资深研究人员组成的跨学科团队；可行性分析记录了我们招募和留住拟议研究人群并实施所有研究的能力研究方案的要素；并收集并提供初步数据以支持我们的主要原则我们的研究将产生有关墨西哥裔美国人健康的新信息，进一步阐明其原因。脆弱性的代际循环和机制，并为制定具体的转化方案提供基础未来干预研究的目标。