NIMH Instrumentation Core Facility

NIMH 仪器核心设施

• 批准号: 9568293
• 负责人: George Dold
• 金额: $ 136.38万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9568293
• 关键词: 3D Print; Address; Affect; Affective; Animals; Area; Attention; Basic Science; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Caliber; Ceramics; Clinical; Collaborations; Computer software; Confocal Microscopy; Consult; Core Facility; Custom; Data; Detection; Development; Device Designs; Devices; Drosophila genus; Effectiveness; Electrodes; Electronic Mail; Electrophysiology (science); Engineering; Environment; Equipment; Fiber Optics; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hair; Head; Hour; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Implant; Individual; Industrialization; Insecta; Institutes; Learning; Leg; Light; Link; Location; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Massage; Mechanics; Memory; Mental Depression; Metals; Methods; Microscope; Microscopy; Mind; Mission; Modeling; Modification; Monkeys; Movement; Mus; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Neurons; Noise; Occupations; Operating Rooms; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Pain; Penetration; Perfusion; Phase; Phonation; Phototoxicity; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Preparation; Primates; Printing; Production; Productivity; Radiochemistry; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rattus; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Rewards; Risk; Rodent; Route; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Sensory; Services; Short-Term Memory; Sterility; Stimulus; Stress; Surgeon; System; Techniques; Technology; Telephone; Test Result; Testing; Therapeutic Human Experimentation; Time; Tissues; Touch sensation; Walking; X-Ray Computed Tomography; arm; base; behavior test; cognitive process; cranium; data acquisition; design; design and construction; distraction; experience; fiberglass; fluorescence imaging; human subject; improved; instrument; instrumentation; locust; magnetic field; millimeter; molecular imaging; new technology; nonhuman primate; novel; pressure; prototype; quality assurance; radiotracer; research study; response; restraint; sensor; surgical research; two-photon; visual stimulus

This past year, our Section had the unique opportunity to support the research of various Labs & Sections within NIMH, NINDS, NICHD, and NCCIH. During the past twelve months, investigators from these labs and branches requested 465 formal projects from our staff. Each of these requests was documented and the time recorded to complete the job. In addition to the formal requests we are available daily for numerous walk-in, phone call or e-mail requests for assistance. In general, our technical support this past year can be divided into the following research areas: Electrophysiology The Section on Instrumentation staff continuously strives to improve the utility of various components that comprise electrophysiology. We have continued to improve the engineering and fabrication of multiple-hole grid arrays that allow precise, repeatable placement of a single or multiple electrodes over a wide area. We have also continued to develop small single-electrode microdrives. Novel methods using 3D printing now allow for the production low-component count yet accurate and smooth microdrives. Single unit recording in behaving nonhuman primates is widely used to study the primate central nervous system. However, certain questions cannot be addressed without recording large numbers of neurons simultaneously. In collaboration with NIMH scientific staff, the Section on Instrumentation developed a method using 3D printing to include an individualized 3D-printed connector mounting platform, allowing for implanting and recording from 8 arrays of 96 electrodes. This technique doubles the number of arrays that have been successfully implanted in single animals. fMRI The Section on Instrumentation provides a wide range of support for fMRI-related research. Fabrication of devices for use in MRI environments is a specialized area of expertise, with great attention given to design without ferrous metals and minimization of all metal components. In addition, commercial industrial fiber optic components and systems are evaluated and integrated into many designs and devices we fabricate. The Section on Instrumentation supports the installation of new equipment in MRI suites, including custom mirror and projection assemblies used for stimulus presentation, and custom RF-shielded penetration panels used to route cabling. Non-Human Primate (NHP) Our group is responsible for providing a wide range of engineering and fabrication services to support non-human primate research. Many of the mechanical assemblies that are necessary for this type of research are engineered and fabricated in-house. Our group provides a diverse array of custom systems and components to many different investigators, such as custom primate chairs, high-strength restraints, MRI positioning systems, custom head coils, reward systems, data acquisition, analysis and optical response systems, plus a wide range of small mechanical components. Using the 3D print capabilities of our shop, the Section on Instrumentation is assisting neurological researchers within the NIMH and other institutes in improving their pre-surgery preparations. With data provided and converted from CT and MRI scans, our section is able to print custom and detailed models of the individual monkeys skull and brain. These skulls and brains allow the surgeon and researchers to complete some of the necessary modifications and planning before entering the operating room, reducing surgery times, decreasing risks of complications, and maintaining sterility. Human Human research requires the creation of many novel devices that are compatible with the high-magnetic field environment. When a new magnet is installed, we are consulted with and provide the necessary components for presenting visual stimuli in the bore of the magnet, including image periscopes, screens, and mirrors. These devices are designed and manufactured with specific space and material constraints. The Section on Instrumentation provides a substantial amount of engineering support to the Section on PET Radiopharmaceutical Sciences in the Molecular Imaging Branch (MIB) in the production of short-lived radiotracers for research studies in human subjects with positron emission tomography (PET). A bubble point test (BPT) on the sterilizing filter is required before release of a PET radiopharmaceutical. Data logging is an important aspect of quality assurance. The Section on Instrumentation fabricated an automated data-logging BPT instrument. The fabricated BPT instrument gives accurate, reliable and data-loggable BPT results. Behavioral Several different types of mazes are used to study spatial learning and memory in rats. These studies have been used to help understand general principles about learning that can be applied to humans, and to determine what effect different treatments affect learning and memory in mice. We continue to produce a variety of custom T and Y mazes for behavioral testing. When you pick up a phone, remember a phone number and dial it, you are using your working memory. Working memory is a cognitive process which maintains information for a relative short time, and is one of the most important cognitive process which is crucial to the functioning of the mind. The T-maze delayed alternation task is a classic method to assess working memory in rodents. The task consists of a sample trial, a holding period and a test trial. In the sample trial, the animal is guided into one of the two arms to get a reward. After the sample trial, the animal is kept in the holding area for several seconds. Then in the test trial, the animal needs to go to the arm which it has not been to in the sample phase to get a reward. In order to eliminate any environmental distractions such as the movement of the investigator, we fabricated an automated T-maze. It detects the position and movement of the mouse, and operates the doors and delivers rewards automatically. Imaging Two-photon excitation microscopy is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows imaging of living tissue up to about one millimeter in depth. Two-photon excitation can be a superior alternative to confocal microscopy due to its deeper tissue penetration, efficient light detection, and reduced phototoxicity. The Section on Instrumentation produces a variety of equipment that supports two-photon microscopy, such as faraday cages for electronic and light shielding and custom mirror mounts. In addition, behavioral testing equipment such as low-inertia mouse wheels are fabricated for use with two-photon microscopy. Clinical Our Section also supports a number of clinical based research requests under the broad areas of surgical, therapeutic and basic research. Moderate and deep pressure touch are commonly utilized in massage therapy and have been linked to reductions in stress, depression, and pain. Yet there is no understanding of how pressure exerts these affective benefits. We recently developed a custom novel device that administers repeatable mechanical compression. This apparatus was used to identify the most pleasant intensity, frequency, and location for pressure stimulation of the lower leg. This device allowed the testing of the subject while undergoing fMRI to determine the brain regions that correspond to the sensory stimulation. Technology By using the latest technology in advanced fabrication machinery, we are able to increase productivity and effectiveness while at the same time decreasing the amount of time needed to engineer and machine the components. Our waterjet cutter continues to increase our cutting and fabricating capabilities, especially with the multiple fiberglass parts we produce. With this system, we were able to drill a hole the approximate diameter of 4 human hairs through a ceramic screw.

在过去的一年中，我们的部分有独特的机会来支持NIMH，NINDS，NICHD和NCCIH内各个实验室的研究。在过去的十二个月中，这些实验室和分支机构的调查人员要求我们员工的465个正式项目。记录了这些请求中的每一个，并记录了完成工作的时间。除了正式请求外，我们每天还提供许多步入式，电话或电子邮件请求以寻求帮助。 通常，过去一年的技术支持可以分为以下研究领域： 电生理学 仪器人员的部分不断努力改善包括电生理学的各种组件的实用性。我们继续改善多孔网格阵列的工程和制造，这些阵列允许在较大区域上精确，可重复的单个或多个电极的放置。我们还继续开发小型的单电极微训练。 现在，使用3D打印的新方法允许生产低组件计数，但准确且光滑的微型训练。 行为非人类灵长类动物中的单个单元记录被广泛用于研究灵长类动物中枢神经系统。但是，如果不同时记录大量神经元，就无法解决某些问题。与NIMH科学人员合作，有关仪器的部分使用3D打印开发了一种方法，包括一个个性化的3D打印连接器安装平台，允许从96个电极的8个阵列中植入和录制。该技术将成功植入的阵列数量翻了一番。 fMRI 仪器部分为fMRI相关研究提供了广泛的支持。用于在MRI环境中使用的设备的制造是一个专业知识的专业领域，并且非常关注设计，而无需黑金属，并且所有金属组件的最小化。此外，对商业工业光纤组件和系统进行了评估，并将其集成到我们制造的许多设计和设备中。 仪器部分支持在MRI套件中安装新设备，包括用于刺激呈现的定制镜像和投影组件，以及用于路由电缆的定制RF屏蔽渗透面板。 非人类灵长类动物（NHP） 我们的小组负责提供广泛的工程和制造服务，以支持非人类灵长类动物研究。此类研究所需的许多机械组件都是在内部进行设计和制造的。我们的小组为许多不同的研究人员提供了各种各样的自定义系统和组件，例如定制灵长类椅，高强度约束，MRI定位系统，自定义头线圈，奖励系统，数据获取，分析和光学响应系统以及各种小型机械组件。使用我们商店的3D打印功能，有关仪器的部分正在协助NIMH和其他机构内的神经学研究人员改善其手术前的准备。通过提供的数据并从CT和MRI扫描转换，我们的部分能够打印单个猴子头骨和大脑的自定义和详细模型。这些头骨和大脑使外科医生和研究人员能够在进入手术室之前完成一些必要的修改和计划，减少手术时间，降低并发症的风险并维持不育。 人类 人类研究需要创建许多与高磁场环境兼容的新型设备。安装新的磁铁后，我们会咨询并提供必要的组件，以在磁铁的孔中显示视觉刺激，包括图像潜望镜，屏幕和镜子。这些设备的设计和制造具有特定的空间和材料限制。 仪器部分为分子成像分支（MIB）的PET放射性药物科学（MIB）的部分提供了大量的工程支持，用于生产短寿命的放射性措施，用于研究正电子发射断层扫描（PET）的人类受试者研究的研究。 在释放PET放射性药物之前，需要在灭菌过滤器上进行气泡点测试（BPT）。 数据记录是质量保证的重要方面。关于仪器的部分制造了自动数据存放BPT仪器。 制造的BPT仪器可提供准确，可靠和可含数据的BPT结果。 行为 几种不同类型的迷宫用于研究大鼠的空间学习和记忆。这些研究被用来帮助理解有关学习可以应用于人类的一般原则，并确定不同的治疗方法会影响小鼠的学习和记忆。我们继续生产各种自定义的迷宫进行行为测试。 当您拿起电话时，请记住电话号码并拨打电话时，您正在使用工作内存。工作记忆是一个认知过程，它在相对短时间内维持信息，并且是最重要的认知过程之一，对思维的功能至关重要。 T迷宫延迟交替任务是评估啮齿动物工作记忆的经典方法。该任务包括样本试验，持有期和测试试验。在样本试验中，该动物被引导到两个臂之一以获得奖励。样品试验后，将动物保存在滞留区几秒钟。然后，在测试试验中，动物需要在样本阶段没有去过的手臂以获得奖励。为了消除任何环境干扰，例如研究人员的运动，我们制造了自动化的T迷宫。它检测鼠标的位置和运动，并操作门并自动提供奖励。 成像 两光子激发显微镜是一种荧光成像技术，它允许对生物组织的成像深度深度约为一毫米。 由于其更深的组织渗透，有效的光检测和降低的光毒性，两光子激发可以是共聚焦显微镜的优越替代方法。 仪器部分生产的各种设备都支持两光子显微镜，例如用于电子和轻屏蔽的法拉第笼子以及定制的镜子安装架。 此外，制造了诸如低惯性小鼠轮子之类的行为测试设备，可与两光子显微镜一起使用。 临床 我们的部分还支持许多基于临床的研究请求，在外科手术，治疗和基础研究的广泛领域。中等和深压接触通常用于按摩疗法，并与压力，抑郁和疼痛的减轻有关。然而，对压力如何施加这些情感利益尚无了解。 我们最近开发了一种定制的新型设备，该设备可以进行可重复的机械压缩。 该设备用于识别下腿压力刺激的最愉快的强度，频率和位置。 该设备允许在接受fMRI的同时对受试者进行测试，以确定与感觉刺激相对应的大脑区域。 技术 通过在高级制造机械中使用最新技术，我们能够提高生产率和有效性，同时减少工程和加工组件所需的时间。我们的水夹切割器继续增加我们的切割和制造能力，尤其是我们生产的多个玻璃纤维零件。使用该系统，我们能够通过陶瓷螺钉钻一个孔的4个人毛直径。