Robotics may help unravel the biological determinants of substance use disorders: studies in zebrafish

机器人技术可能有助于揭示物质使用障碍的生物决定因素：斑马鱼研究

• 批准号: 9335106
• 负责人: Maurizio Porfiri
• 金额: $ 17.31万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9335106
• 关键词: 3D Print; Address; Adoption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Animal Experimentation; Animal Model; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Caffeine; Communities; Computer software; Computer-Aided Design; Computers; Coupled; Development; Drug Exposure; Emotional; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fishes; Fright; Genes; Genetic; Genome; Human; Image; Impairment; Individual; Investments; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Animals; Locomotion; Long-Term Effects; Mediating; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Neurosciences; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacology; Phenotype; Play; Primates; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Reproducibility of Results; Reproduction; Research Personnel; Rest; Rewards; Robot; Robotics; Rodent; Role; Science; Shapes; Shoes; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Standardization; Stimulus; Study models; Substance Use Disorder; Swimming; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Withdrawal; Withdrawal Symptom; Zebrafish; addiction; alcohol exposure; computer infrastructure; conditioning; cost; craving; density; drug of abuse; experience; experimental study; fitness; functional disability; gene environment interaction; graphical user interface; innovation; life history; member; multidisciplinary; open source; pre-clinical; preclinical study; preference; rapid growth; response; reward processing; sedative; social; tool development; treatment effect; two-dimensional

1. SUMMARY Substance use disorders (SUDs), the continuous use of substances in spite of negative consequences for the individual (withdrawal symptoms, social and functional impairments), constitutes a major societal and economical burden. While many individuals experience with drugs, only few develop SUDs: understanding the fundamental mechanisms regulating the transition from use to abuse constitutes a major challenge in biomedical sciences. Both genetic and environmental factors have been proposed to play a crucial role; yet, their precise contribution has remained elusive. Preclinical studies may bridge this gap as they allow for dissecting the role of several independent variables. Zebrafish are gaining momentum as a laboratory animal species as they have: a fully sequenced genome; a short intergeneration time; and a rapid adaptability to different environments. Despite their potential for gene x environment interaction studies, experimental paradigms addressing the consequences of drug exposure rest upon scoring two-dimensional (2D) trajectories, even though zebrafish swim in 3D. To modulate emotional responses, these paradigms often use live stimuli, which may represent inconsistent stimuli, thereby favoring experimental bias. Finally, social behavior is scored through methods that investigate group variables, but fail to quantify the behavior exhibited by an individual subject swimming in a group. Herein, we will bridge these gaps through an innovative robotics- enabled platform, coupled with a 3D tracking system to automatically investigate zebrafish individual and social behavior. The latter will allow for investigating how a single individual – exposed to ethanol, sedatives, or stimulants – behaves in isolation, or once introduced in a group of untreated shoal-members. Technological and methodological advances, to be freely disseminated to the scientific community, will enable hypothesis- driven experiments aimed at investigating the fundamental mechanisms governing SUD. These aims will be achieved through a multidisciplinary effort bridging engineering and behavioral neuroscience.

1。摘要 药物使用障碍（SUD），尽管对生物产生了负面影响，但仍连续使用物质。 个人（戒断症状，​​社会和功能障碍），征集主要社会和 经济负担。 基本机制调节从用途到滥用征兵的过渡 生物医学科学既有遗传和环境因素 他们的确切贡献已经难以捉摸。 掩盖严重性自变量的作用。 物种具有完全测序的基因组； 尽管具有基因X环境相互作用的潜力 在评分二维（2D）时，针对药物暴露的习俗平均范围的范例（2D） 轨迹，即使斑马鱼在3D中游泳。 生命刺激可能会抑制刺激，从而有利于实验性偏见。 通过研究组变量的方法对行为级进行评分，但无法量化所表现出的行为 通过一个小组游泳的个人。 启用了平台，并采用3D跟踪系统，以自动调查斑马鱼个人和社会 行为。 刺激剂 - 行为是孤立的，或者曾经在一组未经尝试的浅滩会员中引入。 和方法学的进步将自由传播给科学界，将实现假设 - 旨在调查基本机制的驱动实验将是这些目标。 激动的雷声跨越了多学科的努力，桥接工程和行为神经科学。