Modulation of Human Reward Circuitry by Social Factors

社会因素对人类奖励回路的调节

• 批准号: 8425082
• 负责人: Mauricio R. Delgado
• 金额: $ 31.39万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8425082
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Affective; Animal Experimentation; Animals; Aptitude; Arousal; Autistic Disorder; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Brain; Businesses; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Code; Complement; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Corpus striatum structure; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Environment; Feedback; Feeling; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Human; Individual; Instruction; Knowledge; Label; Lead; Learning; Link; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morals; Motivation; Motor; Newspapers; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Physiological; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Property; Psychological reinforcement; Punishment; Reading; Research; Rewards; Role; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Skin; Social Behavior; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social Values; Societies; Solid; Stimulus; Structure; System; Thinking; Time; Trust; base; cost; expectation; experience; fundamental research; learned behavior; motivated behavior; neural circuit; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; newspaper article; peer; relating to nervous system; research study; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; social; teacher

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motivated or goal-directed behaviors often abide by simple rules of reinforcement. That is, actions that lead to positive consequences tend to be repeated at a greater frequency, while actions that lead to negative consequences tend to be avoided. Fundamental research in non-human animals, complemented by an array of human neuroimaging studies, has delineated a basic neurocircuitry underlying reward-related learning and motivated behaviors. Such research has specifically identified circuits linking cortical structures and the basal ganglia, particularly its input unit - the striatum, a heterogeneous structure in terms of connectivity and functionality - as an interface for the processing of motor and motivational information. However, it is unclear how these basic mechanisms characterized by simple behaviors (e.g., learning that a button press leads to a reward) extend to more complex motivated behaviors typically displayed in society (e.g., learning that an individual is trustworthy and interactions will lead to rewards). The availability of social information and the prospects of social interactions are factors that challenge current thinking of how the brain processes reward and punishment feedback and how it uses such information to make decisions. The goal of this proposal is to use fMRI to investigate how social factors modulate the basic behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying reward-related processing as a precursor to understanding how social influences on motivated behavior impact well-being and mental health. Specifically, the proposed studies attempt to build on a solid and existing research foundation on the neural circuitry of reward-related processing by first: establishing the behavior and neural correlates of a simple task modeled after animal research and second: adding a social component to a similar task to investigate overlap in mechanisms. This approach allows for a translational method that, in future research, can also be further extended to developmental (e.g., the role of social feedback from a social network during adolescence) and clinical settings (e.g., social feedback during observational learning in autism). The proposed studies will investigate two aims. Specific Aim 1 - We will investigate how socially relevant feedback, such as reward feedback from a social network of peers, is processed in the brain and how it compares to non-social feedback. Specific Aim 2 - We will investigate how socially relevant feedback creates social expectations that influence mechanisms of reward-related learning and if such mechanisms are unaffected by non-social feedback. The studies outlined in the proposal will build on our knowledge of the role of corticostriatal systems during simple motivated behavior to probe the antecedents and consequences of social motivation, as a platform to understand how social behavior breaks down in clinical disorders in the future.

描述（由申请人提供）：有动机或目标导向的行为通常遵循简单的强化规则。也就是说，导致积极后果的行为往往会以更高的频率重复，而导致消极后果的行为往往会被避免。对非人类动物的基础研究，辅以一系列人类神经影像学研究，描绘了奖励相关学习和动机行为背后的基本神经回路。此类研究特别确定了连接皮质结构和基底神经节的回路，特别是其输入单元——纹状体，在连接性和功能方面是一种异质结构——作为处理运动和动机信息的接口。然而尚不清楚 这些以简单行为为特征的基本机制（例如，了解按下按钮会带来奖励）如何扩展到社会中通常表现出的更复杂的动机行为（例如，了解个人是值得信赖的，互动会带来奖励）。社会信息的可用性和社会互动的前景是挑战当前关于大脑如何处理奖励和惩罚反馈以及如何使用这些信息做出决策的想法的因素。 该提案的目标是利用功能磁共振成像来研究社会因素如何调节奖励相关处理背后的基本行为和神经机制，作为了解社会对动机行为的影响如何影响福祉和心理健康的先导。具体来说，所提出的研究试图建立在奖励相关处理的神经回路上的坚实的现有研究基础，首先：建立根据动物研究建模的简单任务的行为和神经关联，其次：向调查机制重叠的类似任务。这种方法允许一种转化方法，在未来的研究中，也可以进一步扩展到发展（例如，青春期期间社交网络的社会反馈的作用）和临床环境（例如，自闭症观察学习期间的社会反馈）。拟议的研究将调查两个目标。 具体目标 1 - 我们将研究大脑如何处理与社交相关的反馈，例如来自同伴社交网络的奖励反馈，以及它与非社交反馈的比较。 具体目标 2 - 我们将研究社会相关反馈如何产生影响奖励相关学习机制的社会期望，以及这些机制是否不受非社会反馈的影响。 提案中概述的研究将建立在我们对皮质纹状体系统在简单动机行为中的作用的了解的基础上，探索社会动机的前因和后果，作为了解未来临床疾病中社会行为如何崩溃的平台。

项目成果

Social closeness and feedback modulate susceptibility to the framing effect.

社会亲密程度和反馈调节对框架效应的敏感性。

• 发表时间: 2015
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Sip, Kamila E;Smith, David V;Porcelli, Anthony J;Kar, Kohitij;Delgado, Mauricio R
• 通讯作者: Delgado, Mauricio R

Social Rewards and Social Networks in the Human Brain.

人脑中的社会奖励和社交网络。

• 发表时间: 2014-08
• 作者: Fareri, Dominic S;Delgado, Mauricio R
• 通讯作者: Delgado, Mauricio R

Savoring the past: positive memories evoke value representations in the striatum.

品味过去：积极的记忆会唤起纹状体中的价值表征。

• 发表时间: 2014-11-19
• 影响因子: 16.2
• 作者: Speer, Megan E;Bhanji, Jamil P;Delgado, Mauricio R
• 通讯作者: Delgado, Mauricio R

Differential reward responses during competition against in- and out-of-network others.

在与网络内和网络外其他人的竞争过程中，有不同的奖励反应。

• DOI: 10.1093/scan/nst006
• 发表时间: 2014-04-01
• 期刊: Social cognitive and affective neuroscience
• 作者: Dominic S. Fareri;M. Delgado
• 通讯作者: M. Delgado

Social network modulation of reward-related signals.

奖励相关信号的社交网络调制。

• 发表时间: 2012-06-27
• 作者: Fareri, Dominic S;Niznikiewicz, Michael A;Lee, Victoria K;Delgado, Mauricio R
• 通讯作者: Delgado, Mauricio R