Cognitive Decline, Brain Aging, Physical Environment, and Mobility

认知能力下降、大脑老化、物理环境和行动能力

• 批准号: 9222479
• 负责人: Andrea L Rosso
• 金额: $ 21.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9222479
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Americas; Anisotropy; Archives; Behavior; Body Composition; Brain; Characteristics; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Data; Digit structure; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Future; Health; Health system; Healthcare; Home environment; Image; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Modeling; Neuraxis; Outcome; Parietal; Participant; Performance; Persons; Physical environment; Population; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Quality of life; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Safety; Series; Societies; Solid; System; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Visit; Walking; abstracting; age related; aging brain; base; behavioral outcome; body system; cognitive function; cohort; cost; disability; gray matter; image archival system; innovation; mental state; motor control; neural circuit; neuroimaging; processing speed; secondary outcome; symposium; virtual; walkability; white matter

Project Summary/Abstract Mobility, defined as an individual’s ability to move about effectively in his or her surroundings, is vital for the independence and quality of life of older adults. Despite the severe burden of mobility limitations on both the individual and the public health system, effective strategies to promote mobility are sparse. Environmental factors and brain aging are both associated with age-related mobility limitations. However, mobility research often occurs in disciplinary silos, such that research on brain aging rarely accounts for the environmental context in which seniors walk and research on environmental determinants rarely considers the cognitive challenges that complex community environments pose. This proposal addresses this issue by assessing interactions of physical environment characteristics and cognitive function on walking behavior and mobility disability in a longitudinal cohort of older adults with state-of-the art characterization of the systems involved in mobility control. The aims of this proposal are to 1) obtain and test reliability of new measures of the physical environment for participants in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study using archived Google Street View images; 2) characterize the associations between physical environment, cognitive decline, and mobility; and 3) explore the associations between physical environment, speed of processing, structural integrity of the neural circuitry, and mobility in a subsample with brain magnetic resonance imaging. These aims will be accomplished by creating an environmental walkability score for participants based on factors such as sidewalk presence and safety. This measure will then be used to test associations with reported walking in the past week and reported mobility disability, or the inability to walk ¼ mile. Interactions of the walkability measure with cognitive decline will be assessed to determine whether those individuals with greater cognitive decline have stronger associations between environmental walkability and mobility outcomes. The mechanisms of these associations will then be explored using neuroimaging measures of the integrity of specific networks in the brain. This research is innovative in that it aims to break down disciplinary boundaries for the study of two important determinants of mobility performance: brain aging and the physical environment. It will also retrospectively incorporate measures of street-scale physical environment into an existing cohort of community dwelling older adults. The addition of environmental measures to the Health ABC cohort will provide a rich data resource for the aims of this proposal and for future studies by our team and other investigators. A greater understanding of the interactions between brain aging and environmental complexities could inform future intervention strategies to make community environments more accessible to the most vulnerable.

项目摘要/摘要 机动性被定义为个人在周围环境中有效移动的能力，对 老年人的独立性和生活质量。尽管在这两个方面都严重烧毁了流动性限制 个人和公共卫生系统，促进流动性的有效策略很少。环境的 因素和大脑衰老都与年龄相关的迁移率限制有关。但是，流动性研究 通常发生在纪律孤岛中，因此对大脑衰老的研究很少考虑环境 老年人在环境决定者方面行走和研究的背景很少考虑认知 挑战复杂的社区环境所构成的挑战。该建议通过评估解决此问题 物理环境特征的相互作用以及步行行为和流动性的认知功能 在纵向人群中，残障人群具有最新的特征 移动性控制。该提案的目的是1）获得并测试物理新措施的可靠性 使用存档的Google街的健康，衰老和身体成分研究的参与者的环境 查看图像； 2）表征物理环境，认知能力下降和流动性之间的关联； 3）探索物理环境，处理速度，结构完整性之间的关联 神经回路和带有脑磁共振成像的子样本中的迁移率。这些目标将是 通过为参与者创建环境步行分数来完成的因素 人行道的存在和安全。然后，该措施将用于测试与报告在 过去一周，报告了活动性残疾，或者无法行走1/4英里。步行性测量的相互作用 随着认知能力下降的评估，将确定那些认知能力较高的人是否 在环境步行和流动性结果之间建立牢固的关联。机制 然后，将使用特定网络完整性的神经影像学指标来探索这些关联 大脑。这项研究具有创新性，因为它旨在分解两个研究的纪律界限 重要的确定流动性能：大脑衰老和物理环境。它也会 追溯性地将街头规模物理环境的度量纳入现有的社区队列 居住的老年人。在健康ABC队列中增加环境措施将提供丰富的数据 该提案的目的以及我们的团队和其他研究人员的未来研究的资源。更大 了解大脑衰老与环境复杂性之间的相互作用可能会为未来提供详尽的影响 使社区环境更容易受到最脆弱的干预策略。