African American Eye Disease Study

非洲裔美国人眼病研究

基本信息

批准号：
8563587
负责人：
ROHIT VARMA
金额：
$ 39.01万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-30 至 2014-03-15
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8563587
关键词：
Activities of Daily Living Adult African African American Age Age related macular degeneration Aging Area Baltimore Behavioral Biological Biology Blindness Blood flow Caring Childhood Chinese American Clinical Clinical Trials Data Development Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Epidemiologic Studies Ethnic group Evaluation Exhibits Eye Eye diseases Glaucoma Glycosylated hemoglobin A Goals Habits Happiness Health High Prevalence Hispanics Hypertension Hypotension Incidence Knowledge Latino Lens Opacities Los Angeles Maryland Measures Minority Not Hispanic or Latino Obesity Open-Angle Glaucoma Participant Pattern Persons Physiologic Intraocular Pressure Population Prevalence Preventive Protocols documentation Quality of life Recommendation Recording of previous events Reporting Retinal Risk Risk Factors Smoking Surveys Testing United States Update Visual impairment age related aged clinical practice clinical risk cohort design experience follow-up glycemic control health related quality of life high risk population based programs racial and ethnic screening skills treatment program

项目摘要

Abstract African Americans (AAs) are one of the largest minority populations in the United States. In 2011, 43.2 million persons in the US (14.1%) were of African ancestry. AAs exhibit a different pattern of eye disease than other racial/ethnic groups and are largely under-represented in studies of eye disease. Specifically, AAs are believed to have higher rates of visual impairment, blindness, open angle glaucoma (OAG), diabetic retinopathy (DR) but lower rates of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) than Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) (1-5). However, most of the data that inform our estimates of the burden of eye disease in AAs are from two population based assessments initiated and conducted 20-28 years ago in Maryland (The Baltimore Eye Survey [1985-88] and The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project [1993-95](1, 6)). Since the completion of these two population-based studies, results of numerous clinical trials have reported the benefits of tighter glycemic control on the development of DR, and lower intraocular pressure on the development and progression of glaucoma. Findings from these two population based studies (showing the higher risk of vision loss, OAG and DR in AAs) have been incorporated into screening programs and clinical practice. Finally, with the aging of the U.S. population, the burden of age-related eye disease is likely to increase among AAs who are disproportionately impacted by obesity and diabetes. Given the implementation of numerous screening programs on AAs, the aging of the AA population, important changes in clinical practice, and the lack of recent population-based prevalence estimates, updated estimates of the burden of eye disease in AAs are needed. Characterization of the prevalence, the biological mechanisms (i.e., the risk relationships) of these diseases, and their impact on activities of daily life needs to be completed to allow for planning of preventive measures, and targeted screening and treatment programs. Further, it is crucial to determine the underlying reasons AAs may receive less follow-up eye care. Finally, while current data exists on the incidence of eye disease in NHW and Latinos, this study creates a cohort for obtaining the first incidence data on eye disease in AAs.

抽象的非裔美国人 (AA) 是美国最大的少数族裔人口之一。在 2011年，美国有4320万人（14.1%）有非洲血统。 AA表现出不同的与其他种族/族裔群体相比，眼部疾病的模式有所不同，并且在眼部疾病的研究。具体来说，AA 被认为具有较高的视力障碍发生率，失明、开角型青光眼 (OAG)、糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR)，但与年龄相关的发病率较低黄斑变性 (AMD) 高于非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) (1-5)。然而，大多数我们对 AA 眼病负担的估计数据来自两个 20-28 年前在马里兰州发起并进行的基于人口的评估（The 巴尔的摩眼科调查 [1985-88] 和索尔兹伯里眼科评估项目 [1993-95](1, 6)）。自这两项基于人群的研究完成以来，大量临床试验的结果报道了更严格的血糖控制对 DR 发展的好处，并降低眼压对青光眼发生和发展的影响。从这两个结果来看基于人群的研究（显示 AA 中视力丧失、OAG 和 DR 的风险较高）已纳入筛查计划和临床实践。最后，随着年龄的增长在美国人口中，AA 中与年龄相关的眼病负担可能会增加肥胖和糖尿病的影响尤为严重。鉴于实施了众多 AA 筛查计划、AA 人口老龄化、临床实践以及缺乏最近基于人群的患病率估计，已更新需要对 AA 中眼部疾病的负担进行估计。的表征这些疾病的患病率、生物学机制（即风险关系）及其需要完成对日常生活活动的影响，以便规划预防性措施措施以及有针对性的筛查和治疗方案。此外，确定 AA 可能接受较少的后续眼部护理的根本原因。最后，虽然当前数据 NHW 和拉丁美洲人眼病的发病率存在差异，本研究创建了一个队列获得第一个 AA 地区眼病发病率数据。