Effects of Acute Alcohol Intoxication on Bystander Decision Making and Intervention Behavior for Sexual Violence

急性酒精中毒对旁观者决策和性暴力干预行为的影响

• 批准号: 9119334
• 负责人: Ruschelle Marie Leone
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-11 至 2019-07-10
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9119334
• 关键词: Academia; Acute; Address; Advisory Committees; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Beverages; Bystander Effect; Cues; Decision Making; Educational process of instructing; Eligibility Determination; Event; Female; Film; Foundations; Future; Gender; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Helping Behavior; Heterosexuals; Housing; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Literature; Modeling; Myopia; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Play; Prevention; Public Health; Publishing; Questionnaires; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Role; Scientist; Social Environment; Speed; Students; Testing; Time; Victimization; Woman; Work; alcohol effect; base; breath alcohol measurement; career; college; drinking; empowered; evidence base; infancy; intervention program; male; men; peer; perpetrators; prevent; problem drinker; programs; public health relevance; sexual assault; sexual violence; skills; sobriety; social norm; theories

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this application is to advance a programmatic line of research by conducting a laboratory-based study that will examine the role of acute alcohol intoxication and an evidence-based situational factor (i.e., social norms) on sexual violence (SV) intervention and perceived barriers to intervention. Importantly, the proposed project will be the first to examine the acute effects of alcohol on event-based bystander intervention. Ultimately, this project will serve as the foundation for the PI's career i academia as an independent research scientist. The impetus for the proposed project is to address a critical gap in the scientific evidence base for bystander intervention programming. The bystander effect is a well-studied phenomenon in which the presence of others inhibits helping behavior; however, application of this research to SV is still in its infancy. Extant research estimates at least 50% of sexual assaults involve alcohol use (for a review, see Abbey, 2002), yet there is not a single published study that examines the acute effects of alcohol on SV intervention. Addressing the role of alcohol is necessary to build an evidence base from which we can develop or modify programs to teach bystanders in drinking contexts how to intervene in SV. As such, the proposed laboratory-based study seeks to investigate the following specific aims: (1) test the interactive effects of alcohol intoxication and evidenced-based situational-predictors (i.e., audience norms) on the likelihood and speed of bystander intervention for SV, and (2) examine perceived barriers for intervention among individuals who do not intervene. To address these aims, 235 self-identified heterosexual, drinking men will present to the laboratory. During Session 1, participants' eligibility will be verified, and they will complete several self-report questionnaires. During Session 2, participants will be randomly assigned to consume an alcoholic (target BrAC of .08%) or no-alcohol control beverage. Participants and four other ostensibly intoxicated confederates will watch an intoxicated female confederate, who reports a strong dislike of sexual content in the media, view a sexually explicit film which they can stop at any time. Prior to watching the female view the film, participants will be randomly assigned to a social-norms audience manipulation wherein one male confederate will set the group norm to reflect prosocial or ambiguous norms regarding intervention behavior. Bystander intervention is operationalized as whether the participant stops the video and the time in seconds it takes the participant to stop the video. Findings will make a critical, formative contribution toward the evidence base upon which existing programming efforts can draw from to enhance bystanders' skills in alcohol-related contexts. Further, conduction of this project will provide the foundation for the PI's future work in developing larger scale studies that will more closely examine mechanisms of alcohol-related bystander intervention (e.g., gender).

 描述（由应用程序提供）：本应用程序的总体目标是通过进行基于实验室的研究来促进计划的研究线，该研究将研究急性酒精中毒和基于证据的情境因素（即社会规范）的作用 性暴力（SV）干预和干预的障碍。重要的是，拟议的项目将是第一个检查酒精对基于事件的旁观者干预措施的急性影响的项目。最终，该项目将成为PI职业I学术界作为独立研究科学家的基础。拟议项目的动力是解决旁观者干预计划的科学证据基础的关键差距。旁观者的效果是一种充分研究的现象，在这种现象中，他人的存在抑制了帮助行为。但是，这项研究在SV中的应用仍处于起步阶段。现有的研究估计，至少有50％的性侵犯涉及酒精使用（有关审查，请参见Abbey，2002年），但没有一项已发表的研究来检查酒精对SV干预的急性影响。解决酒精的作用是建立证据基础的必要条件，我们可以从中开发或修改程序，以教导旁观者在饮酒环境中如何干预SV。因此，拟议的基于实验室的研究旨在研究以下具体目的：（1）测试酒精中毒和基于证据的情境预测者（即受众规范）对SV的旁观者干预的可能性和速度的互动效应，以及（2）不干预干预的人的障碍。为了解决这些目标，有235个自我认同的异性恋者将向实验室出现。在第1节期间，将验证参与者的资格，他们将填写几项自我报告问卷。在第2节期间，参与者将被随机分配以消耗酒精饮料（目标为0.08％）或无酒精控制卧室。参与者和其他四个表面上进入同盟国将观看一位经过毒素的女性同盟，她在媒体上强烈不喜欢性内容，观看一部有性明确的电影，他们可以停在 任何时间。在观看女性观点之前，将将参与者随机分配给社交 - 众多观众操纵，其中一个男性同盟将设定群体规范以反映有关干预行为的亲社会或模棱两可的规范。旁观者的干预被运行，因为参与者是否停止视频以及参与者停止视频的时间之内的时间。调查结果将为现有的编程努力所利用的证据基础做出重要的，形成性的贡献，以增强旁观者在酒精相关的环境中的技能。此外，对该项目的传导将为基础提供 对于PI在开发大规模研究方面的未来工作，将更仔细地研究与酒精相关的旁观者干预（例如性别）的机制。