Probing the Functional Significance of Neural Oscillations through Closed-Loop Stimulation based on Real-Time Tracking of LFPs

基于 LFP 实时跟踪的闭环刺激探讨神经振荡的功能意义

• 批准号: 9181260
• 负责人: JOCHEN DITTERICH
• 金额: $ 21.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-04 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9181260
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Algorithms; Amaze; Area; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Diseases; Code; Communication; Communities; Complex; Computer software; Deep Brain Stimulation; Development; Devices; Disease; Environment; Frequencies; Goals; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Monkeys; Neurons; Neurosciences; Perception; Personal Computers; Phase; Play; Population; Records; Role; Schizophrenia; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Site; Specific qualifier value; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; base; electrical microstimulation; flexibility; in vivo; interest; neural patterning; neurotransmission; new technology; nonhuman primate; optogenetics; parallel computer; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; theories; two-photon

Project Summary An appropriate routing of information in the brain based on the current task demands is essential for successfully dealing with a complex, changing environment. Such routing mechanisms seem to be impaired in disorders like schizophrenia. Unfortunately, we currently do not understand how the brain is able to regulate the flow of information. A recent theory suggests that synchronous activity plays an important role. However, it is still fiercely debated in the neuroscience community whether synchronous activity and precise spike timing in cortex have a functional significance and, if so, what role they play. A major obstacle to answering these questions is the lack of suitable experimental techniques for artificially manipulating brain activity with a precise timing relationship to currently ongoing neural activity. Techniques that allow the experimental manipulation of neural activity play an instrumental role in establishing a causal link between brain activity and its functional significance. The goal of the proposed project is therefore to develop a closed-loop stimulation technique that allows the measurement of currently ongoing neural activity in the form of a local field potential, analyzes it in real time, and can trigger a stimulation device like, for example, electrical microstimulation or optogenetic stimulation in such a way that artificially injected neural activity is phase-locked to currently ongoing oscillations. This includes the development of an algorithm that reliably tracks the instantaneous phase of a dominant component of the local field potential as well as finding a suitable implementation of this algorithm for controlling a stimulator in real time. Making the proposed technology available to the scientific community is expected to provide major breakthroughs in understanding the functional significance of synchronous activity and precise spike timing in the brain.

项目摘要 根据当前的任务要求，适当的信息路由大脑中的信息路由至关重要 成功处理复杂的，不断变化的环境。这种路线机制似乎受到损害 在精神分裂症等疾病中。不幸的是，我们目前不了解大脑如何能够 调节信息流。最近的理论表明，同步活动起着重要作用。 但是，在神经科学社区中，它仍然是激烈的争论 皮质中的尖峰时机具有功能意义，如果是，它们扮演着什么角色。一个主要障碍 回答这些问题是缺乏适当的实验技术来人为地操纵大脑 与当前正在进行的神经活动具有精确的定时关系的活动。允许 神经活动的实验操作在建立因果关系之间起着工具作用 大脑活动及其功能意义。 因此，拟议项目的目标是开发一种闭环刺激技术 允许以局部田间潜力的形式测量当前正在进行的神经活动，并分析它 实时可以触发刺激装置，例如电微刺激或光遗传学 刺激以人为注入的神经活动被相锁至当前正在进行的方式刺激 振荡。这包括开发算法，该算法可靠地跟踪A的瞬时 本地场电位的主要组成部分以及找到该算法的合适实现 实时控制刺激器。使提出的技术可用于科学 期望社区在理解功能意义方面提供重大突破 大脑中的同步活性和精确的尖峰时间。