Inertial and multisensory influences on entorhinal grid cells

惯性和多感官对内嗅网格细胞的影响

• 批准号: 9163935
• 负责人: Dora Angelaki
• 金额: $ 23.78万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9163935
• 关键词: Acceleration; Air; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animals; Brain; Cells; Characteristics; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Coupled; Cues; Dementia; Environment; Exhibits; Generations; Goals; Head; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Image; Lesion; Light; Link; Locomotion; Medial; Medicine; Mind; Modality; Monitor; Motion; Movement; Mus; Nature; Neurosciences; Nobel Prize; Organ; Output; Pattern; Pattern Formation; Physiology; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Research; Rodent; Role; Rotation; Semicircular canal structure; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Speed; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Trackball Device Component; Translations; Visual; Work; Yaws; base; cell type; entorhinal cortex; experience; fly; follow-up; hexapod; insight; multisensory; novel; optic flow; otoconia; relating to nervous system; research study; response; styrofoam; two-dimensional; two-photon; virtual reality; visual optics; visual stimulus; visual-vestibular; way finding

PROJECT SUMMARY Animals navigate based on self-motion cues and external references, which serve to correct errors accumulated in path integration. Cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) encode direction, speed and position, and their output could represent the neural basis for path integration. The vestibular system provides information for angular and linear motion, and lesion studies have suggested that it may be important for path integration-based navigation. Whether and how this is done represents a mystery. In recent years, virtual- reality (VR) has become fashionable in exploring the navigation circuit. Remarkably, two-dimensional (2D) grid properties are compromised in head-fixed rodents experiencing VR. The hypothesis to be tested here is that this occurs because inertial (vestibular) signals are in conflict with locomotion and visual cues – which contrasts with real-world navigation where congruent multisensory cues from vestibular, visual and other modalities all converge to give rise to the sense of motion through space. In VR, only the visual and proprioceptive cues are present, while vestibular cues signal no motion. To test the hypothesis that inertial motion cues are necessary for space coding in the MEC, we have built a one-of-a-kind VR apparatus (mouse is head-fixed and locomoting on an air cushioned Styrofoam ball) that is mounted on top of a motion platform, which can provide inertial accelerations. The visual stimulus creating the VR environment as well as the movement of the platform are both controlled by the locomotion of the mouse and the resulting ball rotation. We will monitor grid cell activity during navigation, while rotation and/or translation multisensory cues are independently and systematically manipulated. Our findings could revolutionize our understanding of the nature and properties of the spatial code in MEC by bridging together diverse expertise and two segregated (navigation/MEC/hippocampus and vestibular/multisensory) communities.

项目摘要 动物根据自我运动提示和外部引用导航，这些提示可纠正错误 积累在路径积分中。内侧内嗅皮层（MEC）中的细胞编码方向，速度和 位置，其输出可以代表路径积分的神经基础。前庭系统提供 角度和线性运动以及病变研究的信息表明，这对于路径可能很重要 基于集成的导航。这是否以及如何完成代表着一个神秘的。近年来，虚拟 - 现实（VR）在探索导航电路方面已经变得时尚。值得注意的是，二维（2D）网格 在经历VR的头部固定啮齿动物中，特性被妥协。这里要检验的假设是 之所以发生这种情况，是因为惯性（前庭）信号与运动和视觉提示冲突 - 与现实世界的导航形成鲜明对比，该导航的一致性多感官提示来自前庭，视觉和其他 模式都融合了，从而引起了通过空间的运动感。在VR中，只有视觉和 存在本体感受提示，而前庭提示则表示没有运动。检验惯性的假设 运动提示对于MEC中的空间编码是必需的，我们已经建立了一种独一无二的VR设备（鼠标 被固定并在空气缓冲的泡沫聚苯乙烯球上；它安装在运动平台的顶部， 可以提供惯性加速。视觉刺激创造了VR环境以及 平台的移动都由小鼠的运动和所得的球旋转控制。 我们将在导航期间监视网格单元活性，而旋转和/或翻译多感官提示为 独立和系统地操纵。我们的发现可以彻底改变我们对 通过将潜水员融合在一起的专业知识和两个隔离，MEC中空间代码的性质和特性 （导航/MEC/海马和前庭/多感官）社区。