Sleep Dysfunction and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Adolescent ADHD

青少年多动症的睡眠障碍和神经认知结果

• 批准号: 9179894
• 负责人: Jessica Ruth Lunsford-Avery
• 金额: $ 15.57万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9179894
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; Affect; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Biological; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Research; Data; Development; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Health; Home environment; Hormonal; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Measures; Memory; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Motivation; Neurobiology; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Neurocognitive Deficit; Outcome; Performance; Physiology; Polysomnography; Population; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Research; Research Training; Role; Sampling; Severities; Site; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Subgroup; Symptoms; Time; Training; Translational Research; Youth; base; career; critical developmental period; design; executive function; experience; functional outcomes; innovation; interest; meetings; phenotypic biomarker; programs; psychosocial; sleep onset; social; sustained attention; treatment program; vigilance

ABSTRACT The goal of this K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award is to broaden the candidate’s expertise in sleep disturbance and neurocognition in adolescents with Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ADHD in adolescence is frequently predictive of detrimental academic and social outcomes. In part, poor functioning may be due to neurocognitive deficits observed in ADHD; however, the extent of these deficits is variable and the mechanisms contributing to greater impairment in some individuals and not others are poorly understood. Sleep disturbance represents one potential contributor to the neurocognitive abnormalities observed in a subset of youth with ADHD. Specifically, disturbed sleep is prevalent in ADHD and there is considerable overlap between core ADHD features and the neurocognitive correlates of sleep impairment. However, associations between sleep physiology and variable clinical and neurocognitive outcomes in ADHD youth have yet to be investigated. Training objectives for the proposed K23 will include gaining expertise in advanced laboratory-based administration, scoring, and analysis of polysomnographic data, assessment of neurocognitive and clinical correlates of sleep impairment in ADHD, and enhanced understanding of developmental trajectories of sleep function in typically developing and ADHD adolescents. These objectives will be met through mentoring, research, and coursework, which will result in an independently funded program of research to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying sleep problems and neurocognitive impairment in ADHD and develop innovative sleep-based interventions targeting core symptoms in this population. Dr. Scott Kollins, the primary mentor for this application, has a strong record of clinical research assessing clinical and neurocognitive outcomes in ADHD. He is the director of the established research training site where the applicant will be trained. The research plan involves using polysomnography to assess sleep disturbance and neurocognitive outcomes in adolescents with ADHD and healthy controls (HC). The primary hypothesis predicts that adolescents with ADHD will display reduced duration, increased latency, increased nocturnal awakenings, reduced delta power, and disrupted sleep spindles compared to HC. Variability within groups is predicted, and we will explore whether there are distinct subgroups with and without sleep problems within the ADHD group. In addition, sleep disturbance is predicted to be associated with poorer neurocognitive and clinical presentations in ADHD adolescents. If these hypotheses are supported, sleep disturbance may represent a biomarker for phenotypic subtypes of ADHD. In addition, examining this construct may inform development of prevention and intervention strategies with the potential to impact sleep disturbance as well as core symptoms of ADHD in adolescents.

抽象的 该K23指导的以患者为导向的研究职业发展奖的目标是扩大 候选人在注意力障碍和神经认知方面的专业知识在有关注的青少年中 赤字/多动症（ADHD）。青少年的多动症经常可以预测有害的学术 和社会成果。在某种程度上，功能较差可能是由于ADHD中观察到的神经认知缺陷。 但是，这些定义的程度是可变的，并且机制有助于更大的损害 有些人而不是其他人的理解不足。睡眠障碍代表一个潜在的贡献者 在ADHD青年的一部分中观察到的神经认知异常。具体而言，睡眠不安是 多动症中流行，核心多动症特征与神经认知之间存在相当大的重叠 睡眠障碍的相关性。但是，睡眠生理学与可变临床与 ADHD青年的神经认知结果尚待研究。拟议的K23的培训对象 将包括获得高级实验室管理的专业知识，评分和分析 多动症中的神经认知和临床相关性的评估，多动症中的神经认知和临床相关性评估， 并增强对典型发育和多动症中睡眠功能发展轨迹的理解 青少年。这些目标将通过心理，研究和课程实现，这将导致 独立资助的研究计划，以阐明睡眠问题的生物学机制 以及多动症中的神经认知障碍，并开发了针对核心的创新睡眠干预措施 该人群的症状。 Scott Kollins博士是该应用程序的主要心理，有很强的记录 临床研究评估ADHD中的临床和神经认知结果。他是已建立的主任 研究培训网站将在其中培训申请人。该研究计划涉及使用多渗透学 评估ADHD和健康对照青少年（HC）的睡眠障碍和神经认知结果。 ADHD的青少年将显示持续时间减少，潜伏期增加的主要假设预测， 与HC相比，夜间觉醒的增加，增量功率降低和睡眠纺锤体破坏。 预测组内的可变性，我们将探讨是否有不同的子组 多动症组中的睡眠问题。此外，预计睡眠障碍与较差有关 ADHD青少年的神经认知和临床表现。如果支持这些假设，请睡觉 扰动可能代表ADHD表型亚型的生物标志物。此外，检查这个结构 可能会为预防和干预策略的制定提供影响，并有可能影响睡眠 青少年的干扰以及多动症的核心症状。