Development of a High Sensitivity, X-ray Detector Technology Based on Polycrystalline Mercuric Iodide for Volumetric Breast Imaging

开发基于多晶碘化汞的高灵敏度 X 射线探测器技术，用于体积乳腺成像

• 批准号: 9236895
• 负责人: LARRY E ANTONUK
• 金额: $ 64.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-15 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9236895
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Breast; Breast Cancer Detection; Cesium; Charge; Collaborations; Data; Deposition; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Digital Breast Tomosynthesis; Dose; Early identification; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fluoroscopy; Goals; Image; Indium; Individual; Investigation; Iodides; Mammary Gland Parenchyma; Mammography; Mass in breast; Methods; Modern Medicine; Modification; Noise; Performance; Printing; Property; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Research; Research Methodology; Resolution; Risk; Roentgen Rays; Selenium; Sensitivity and Specificity; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Time; Tissues; Variant; Work; abstracting; base; breast imaging; cone-beam computed tomography; contrast imaging; detector; falls; imaging system; improved; innovation; interest; iterative design; malignant breast neoplasm; novel; operation; prototype; quantum; response; screening; statistics; tool

Project Summary/Abstract The task of correctly identifying suspicious masses in the breast is often complicated by the confusing overlap of anatomical features present in the projection images provided by mammography. For that reason, there has been growing interest in obtaining volumetric information through a technique called digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). DBT has shown promise for improving sensitivity and specificity in breast imaging compared to mammography by providing depth information that helps to distinguish overlapping breast tissue. This technique is most commonly performed using the technology of active matrix, flat-panel imagers (AMFPIs) which incorporate an x-ray converter (in the form of a layer of cesium iodide (CsI:Tl) or amorphous selenium (a-Se) deposited on a pixelated array) to detect the incident radiation. A single DBT view typically involves acquisition of 9 to 25 projection images and it is clinically desirable that the cumulative dose per view be no more than that of a single-view mammogram. However, the relatively modest amount of signal generated by each X ray in CsI:Tl and a-Se leads to technical limitations that constrain the conditions under which the projection images are acquired – which can significantly affect image quality as well as impede efforts to minimize dose. To overcome this problem, the proposed research seeks to develop an alternative form of x- ray converter based on polycrystalline mercuric iodide and fabricated using a screen-print method – referred to as SP HgI2. SP HgI2 has been shown to be capable of providing at least three times more signal per X ray than a-Se or CsI:Tl and, as a result, would help to address technical limitations in AMFPIs used for DBT. However, further development of this novel converter is required to improve other important converter and imager-related properties (including the reduction of charge trapping effects and non-uniformity in pixel-to-pixel signal response). The specific aims of the project therefore focus on achieving a high level of performance for each of these properties. These aims will be accomplished through systematic investigation of a number of strategies chosen to improve different aspects of converter and imager performance. The strategies consist of modifications to the methods used to fabricate the SP HgI2 converters combined with the introduction of a grid structure into those converters. The methodology of the research will be based on iterative design, fabrication and evaluation of prototype converters employing these strategies – with the information obtained from a given set of prototypes used to improve subsequent prototypes. The converters will be deposited on simple detector substrates (which facilitate relatively rapid evaluation of a limited number of properties) as well as on AMFPI arrays (which allow complete performance characterization). The expected impact of the new converter technology made possible by the research will be a significant improvement in the effectiveness of digital breast tomosynthesis, including possible dose reduction – along with the potential for facilitating dose reduction in other applications such as breast CT, fluoroscopy and cone-beam CT in radiation therapy.

项目摘要/摘要 混乱的重叠通常会使乳房中正确识别可疑肿块的任务变得复杂 乳房X线摄影提供的投影图像中存在的解剖特征。因此，有 他越来越有兴趣通过一种称为数字乳房的技术获取体积信息 Tomosynthesis（DBT）。 DBT显示出有望提高乳房成像中敏感性和特异性的希望 与乳房X线摄影相比，通过提供有助于区分重叠乳腺组织的深度信息。 该技术最常使用主动矩阵，平板成像仪（AMFPIS）的技术执行 其中包含X射线转换器（以碘化纤维片（CSI：TL）或无定形硒的形式 （A-SE）沉积在像素化阵列上）以检测入射辐射。单个DBT视图通常涉及 获得9至25个投影图像，并且在临床上是可取的，每个视图的累积剂量否 不仅仅是单视乳房X线照片。但是，由 CSI中的每个X射线：TL和A-SE都会产生技术限制，从而限制了该条件 获取投影图像 - 可能会显着影响图像质量，并阻碍努力 最小化剂量。为了克服这个问题，拟议的研究试图开发一种X-的替代形式 射线转换器基于多晶汞碘化物并使用丝网印刷方法制造 - 参考 作为SP HGI2。 SP HGI2已被证明能够提供每X射线的至少三倍的信号 而不是A-SE或CSI：TL，因此，将有助于解决用于DBT的AMFPI的技术限制。 但是，需要进一步开发这种新型转换器，以改善其他重要的转换器和 与成像仪相关的特性（包括减少电荷捕集效应和像素到像素的不均匀性 信号响应）。因此 这些属性中的每一个。这些目标将通过系统投资来实现 选择改善转换器和成像器性能的不同方面的策略。策略包括 修改用于制造SP HGI2转换器与引入网格的方法 结构到这些转换器中。该研究的方法将基于迭代设计，制造 以及采用这些策略的原型转换器的评估 - 从给定的信息获得的信息 用于改善后续原型的原型集。转换器将存放在简单检测器上 底物（有助于对有限数量的性质的相对较快评估）以及AMFPI 数组（允许完整的性能表征）。新转换器的预期影响 该研究使技术成为可能将是数字有效性的重大提高 乳房合成，包括可能降低剂量 - 以及促进剂量降低的潜力 在其他应用中，例如乳房CT，荧光镜和锥形束CT，在放射治疗中。