Biogeochemical Controls over Corrinoid Bioavailability to Organohalide-Respiring

类咕啉对有机卤化物呼吸生物利用度的生物地球化学控制

• 批准号: 8910705
• 负责人: Frank E. Loeffler
• 金额: $ 19.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-11 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8910705
• 关键词: Affect; Air; Amendment; Anabolism; Bacteria; Benign; Bioinformatics; Biological Availability; Biological Markers; Biological Sciences; Bioremediations; Chemicals; Chloroflexi; Chloroflexus; Coculture Techniques; Communities; Corrinoids; Decontamination; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Engineering; Environmental Impact; Ethylenes; Exposure to; Food; Genes; Genomics; Growth; Hazardous Waste Sites; Health; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Human; Immune system; In Situ; Kidney; Knowledge; Lead; Ligands; Link; Measurable; Microbiology; Modeling; Monitor; Nutritional Requirements; Organism; Parkinson Disease; Poison; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Procedures; Production; Public Health; Reporting; Risk; Sampling; Site; Solvents; Technology; Tetrachloroethylene; Time; Trichloroethylene; Validation; Vinyl Chloride; Water; base; carcinogenesis; cofactor; comparative; cost; dechlorination; design; electron donor; exposed human population; greenhouse gases; improved; innovation; liver injury; microbial; novel; pollutant; remediation; research study; restoration; tool; toxic metal; transcriptomics; uptake; vapor intrusion

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exposure to water tainted with toxic chemicals threatens human health. In excess of $100 billion will be required to eradicate the ~126,000 hazardous waste sites in the U.S. This effort incorporates innovative and cost-efficient technologies that are urgently needed for decontamination, environmental restoration and prompt protection of human health. Chlorinated solvents like tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE), and their transformation products, dichloroethenes (DCEs) and vinyl chloride (VC), are major risk drivers and are linked to compromised immune systems, carcinogenesis, kidney and liver damage, and Parkinson's disease. Scientific understanding of the microbiology involved in reductive dechlorination to non-toxic ethene has invigorated cleanup efforts at chlorinated ethene sites. Although promising, detoxification and site closures are often not achieved when inefficient DCE and VC reductive dechlorination leads to DCE/VC stalls. Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc) strains are keystone bacteria involved in the reductive dechlorination of DCEs and VC to environmentally benign ethene. Knowledge of Dhc ecophysiology and nutritional requirements promises to increase DCE and VC dechlorination rates, overcome DCE/VC stalls, and lead to more efficient bioremediation to reduce human contact with these dangerous chemicals. Detailed studies combining cultivation-based approaches, high-throughput sequencing, bioinformatics analyses, and state-of-the art analytical procedures will reveal the biogeochemical conditions, under which Dhc reductive dechloirnation activity is/is not constrained by adequate corrinoid cofactor supply. An innovative, high-throughput quantitative PCR tool (i.e., the B12-qChip) will be designed, validated and made available to the community to recognize when corrinoid bioavailability limits Dhc reductive dechlorination activity. Application of the new tool and knowledge will improve contaminated site management by enabling site specific treatment to achieve efficient detoxification, effectively protect human exposure to toxic and carcinogenic chemicals, reduce remediation times and costs, while mitigating negative secondary environmental impacts of bioremediation treatment (e.g., lower greenhouse gas emissions, stable pH avoids toxic metal release).

描述（由申请人提供）：接触被有毒化学物质污染的水会威胁人类健康。消除美国约 126,000 个危险废物场需要超过 1000 亿美元。这项工作采用了净化、环境恢复和迅速保护人类健康所迫切需要的创新且具有成本效益的技术。四氯乙烯 (PCE) 和三氯乙烯 (TCE) 等氯化溶剂及其转化产物二氯乙烯 (DCE) 和氯乙烯 (VC) 是主要风险驱动因素，与免疫系统受损、致癌、肾脏和肝脏损伤以及帕金森病有关疾病。对还原脱氯生成无毒乙烯所涉及的微生物学的科学理解，促进了氯化乙烯场地的清理工作。尽管前景广阔，但当 DCE 和 VC 还原脱氯效率低下导致 DCE/VC 停滞时，解毒和场地关闭往往无法实现。 Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc) 菌株是参与 DCE 和 VC 还原脱氯生成环境友好乙烯的关键细菌。了解 Dhc 生态生理学和营养需求有望提高 DCE 和 VC 脱氯率，克服 DCE/VC 停滞，并实现更有效的生物修复，以减少人类与这些危险化学品的接触。结合基于培养的方法、高通量测序、生物信息学分析和最先进的分析程序的详细研究将揭示生物地球化学条件，在该条件下，Dhc 还原脱氯活性不受足够的类咕啉辅因子供应的限制。一个创新的、 高通量定量 PCR 工具（即 B12-qChip）将被设计、验证并提供给社区，以识别类咕啉生物利用度何时限制 Dhc 还原脱氯活性。新工具和知识的应用将改善污染场地管理，通过特定场地处理实现高效解毒，有效保护人类接触有毒和致癌化学物质，减少修复时间和成本，同时减轻生物修复处理的负面二次环境影响（例如，降低温室气体排放，稳定的 pH 值可避免有毒金属释放）。