Methods for Dynamic Causal Interactions in the Developing Human Brain

人类大脑发育中动态因果相互作用的方法

基本信息

批准号：
8848869
负责人：
Srikanth Ryali
金额：
$ 13.25万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-20 至 2016-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8848869
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Algorithms Anatomy Area Attention Behavior Biological Models Brain Brain region Child Childhood Cognition Cognitive Cognitive Science Computational algorithm Consensus Data Data Analyses Data Set Development Education Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Health Human Individual K-Series Research Career Programs Knowledge Lead Maps Mental disorders Mentors Methods Modeling Motor Motor Cortex Neurocognitive Neurosciences Performance Play Process Public Health Regression Analysis Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Role Sampling Sensory Signal Transduction Somatosensory Cortex Space Models Stimulus System Techniques Testing Therapeutic Intervention Time Training Training Programs United States National Institutes of Health Variant Visual Cortex area striata association cortex attentional control base causal model cognitive development cognitive function cognitive neuroscience cognitive task data acquisition design developmental psychology directed attention experience information processing insight nervous system disorder novel research study scale up skills tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised application for an NIH K25 Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award entitled "Methods for dynamic causal interactions in the developing human brain". In the past decade, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating human brain function. Although fMRI research has primarily focused on identifying brain regions that are activated during performance of cognitive tasks, there is growing consensus that cognitive functions emerge as a result of dynamic, context-dependent, causal interactions between multiple brain areas. Devising methods for investigating such interactions has therefore taken great significance. The human brain undergoes a protracted period of development, and understanding the maturation of causal brain dynamics underlying information processing is critical for gaining insights into brain and cognitive development. The first major goal of this proposal is to address a critical need in fMRI research by developing novel algorithms for identifying context- dependent causal interactions between distributed brain regions. To this end, we will first develop and validate novel methods based on a Multivariate Dynamical Systems (MDS) framework that overcomes major limitations of several existing methods for investigating causal interactions in the human brain. The second major goal of this proposal is to use the MDS framework to investigate dynamic causal interactions underlying sensory-motor and attention processing in adults, and their differential maturation from childhood to adulthood. The MDS-based methods I propose to develop, validate, test, and apply here will allow me to investigate these processes for the first time, leading to a more complete understanding of fundamental mechanisms underlying human brain function and development. Taken together, the proposed studies will provide important new methods for investigating distributed cortical networks underlying cognition and lead to a more complete understanding of fundamental mechanisms underlying human brain function and development. In conjunction with this research plan, a rigorous education and training program will address critical gaps in my knowledge of brain anatomy, cognitive neuroscience, cognitive psychology and developmental psychology. I will be mentored and trained by leading experts in these fields. I will also gain critical experience in designing fMRI experiments, fMRI data acquisition and analysis, and interpretation of fMRI findings in the context of brain function and development. My training program and the research project will enable me to acquire skills necessary for becoming a successful independent investigator in the fields of computational, cognitive and developmental neuroscience.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是NIH K25指导的定量研究职业发展奖的修订申请，标题为“发展中人脑中动态因果相互作用的方法”。在过去的十年中，功能磁共振成像（fMRI）已成为研究人脑功能的强大工具。尽管功能磁共振成像研究主要集中于确定在认知任务执行过程中激活的大脑区域，但由于多个大脑区域之间的动态，依赖于上下文依赖性，因果关系，认知功能出现了，认知功能越来越多。因此，设计用于研究这种相互作用的方法具有重要意义。人的大脑经历了旷日持久的发展时期，了解信息处理的因果脑动力学的成熟对于获得对大脑和认知发展的见解至关重要。该提案的第一个主要目标是通过开发新型算法来识别分布式大脑区域之间依赖上下文的因果相互作用，以解决功能磁共振成像研究的关键需求。为此，我们将基于多元动力学系统（MDS）框架开发和验证新方法，该框架克服了几种现有方法研究人脑中因果相互作用的主要局限性。该提案的第二个主要目标是使用MDS框架来研究成年人的感觉运动和注意力处理的动态因果相互作用，及其从童年到成年的差异成熟。我建议在此处开发，验证，测试和应用的基于MDS的方法将使我首次研究这些过程，从而更完整地了解人脑功能和发育的基本机制。综上所述，拟议的研究将提供重要的新方法来研究认知基础的分布式皮质网络，并使人们对人脑功能和发育的基本机制有了更完整的了解。结合本研究计划，严格的教育和培训计划将解决我对脑解剖学，认知神经科学，认知心理学和发育心理学的了解的关键差距。这些领域的主要专家将受到我的指导和培训。我还将在设计功能磁共振成像实验，fMRI数据获取和分析以及在大脑功能和开发的背景下对fMRI发现的解释获得重要经验。我的培训计划和研究项目将使我能够获得成为计算，认知和发展神经科学领域成功的独立研究者所必需的技能。