Maintenance of Positive Affect Following Pain in Older Adults

老年人疼痛后保持积极情绪

• 批准号: 8782801
• 负责人: Ian Andres Boggero
• 金额: $ 4.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-27 至 2016-07-26
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8782801
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Communities; Data; Data Set; Elderly; Emotional; Environment; Frequencies; Generations; Goals; Health; Hispanics; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Learning; Life; Literature; Longevity; Maintenance; Masks; Mental Health; Motivation; Outcome; Pain; Painless; Participant; Patients; Peat; Persons; Physiological; Randomized; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; coping; design; executive function; experience; heart rate variability; indexing; insight; novel; older women; physical conditioning; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; response; satisfaction; skills; social; success; theories; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Up to 80% of those over age 65 report experiencing some degree of physical pain, yet older adults appear remarkably adept at maintaining positive emotionality in the face of pain. Whereas studies find that older adults are at least as good at managing pain as their younger counterparts, the strategies they use to do so remain largely unknown. Guided by a socio-emotional selectivity framework which posits that older adults strategically use positivity-enhancing mechanisms, the proposed research has a primary aim of investigating whether older and younger adults differ in their use of positivity mechanisms to maintain positive affect in the face of pain. Additionally, little is known about the factors that make some older adults better able to cope with pain than others. Previous research has shown that high levels of executive functioning (EF) and heart rate variability (HRV) predict positive physical health outcomes for those experiencing pain, but no research to date has examined how individual differences in these factors interact with pain to influence positive affect. Thus, the proposed project has a second aim of testing whether EF or HRV moderate the relationship between pain and maintenance of positive affect in older adults. Both of the aims of the project contribute to a larger goal of expanding theoretical knowledge of factors contributing to health and psychological wellbeing in older age. The proposed project will allow the PI to gain invaluable skills and expand on his previous research experiences by using experimental laboratory and archival data to test hypotheses pertaining to both aims. In the laboratory study, older and younger adults will be asked to provide affect, EF, and HRV data. They will be randomly assigned to a painful or non-painful task. After the pain task, participants will undergo tasks assessing positivity mechanisms and will then be asked to provide a final affect rating. An archival longitudinal dataset of community-dwelling older adults will be used to test whether pain levels interact with EF within people to predict positive affect. It is hypothesized that 1) when i pain, older adults will use positivity-enhancing mechanisms with greater success than younger adults; 2) older adults will maintain positive affect following pain better than younger adults; an 3) those with better EF and HRV will be most effective at maintaining positive affect in the face of pain. In addition to providing theoretical insight into how positive affect is maintained after pain, the project will contribute to a larger objective of promoting diversity in health research b providing the PI - a Hispanic first generation college student - a training opportunity to develop the skills necessary to become an independent researcher. To this end, the project includes a detailed plan designed to build on and expand the PI's ability to disseminate cutting-edge research, learn novel statistical and methodological techniques, and expand his research program on the psychological and physiological consequences of the pain experience.

描述（由申请人提供）：在65岁以上的报告中，多达80％的人经历了一定程度的身体疼痛，但老年人似乎非常擅长在面对疼痛时保持积极的情绪。研究发现，老年人至少与年轻的成年人一样擅长治疗疼痛，但他们用来这样做的策略仍然很少知道。在一个社会情感选择性框架的指导下，该框架认为老年人在战略上使用增强阳性的机制，而拟议的研究的主要目的是研究老年人和年轻人在使用阳性机制方面是否使用阳性机制是否有所不同，以在面对疼痛的情况下保持积极影响。此外，对于使某些老年人能够比其他人更好地应对疼痛的因素知之甚少。先前的研究表明，高水平的执行功能（EF）和心率变异性（HRV）可以预测那些经历疼痛的人的身体健康结果，但是迄今为止尚无研究检查这些因素中的个体差异与疼痛的相互作用如何影响积极的影响。因此，拟议的项目的第二个目的是测试EF或HRV是否会在老年人中疼痛与维持正面影响之间的关系之间的关系。该项目的两个目的都促进了更大的目标，以扩大对老年健康和心理健康的因素的理论知识。拟议的项目将使PI通过使用实验室和档案数据来测试与两个目标有关的假设，从而使PI获得宝贵的技能并扩展其先前的研究经验。在实验室研究中，将要求大小的年轻人提供影响，EF和HRV数据。他们将被随机分配到痛苦或无痛苦的任务中。疼痛任务后，参与者将执行评估阳性机制的任务，然后被要求提供最终的影响评级。居住在社区的老年人的档案纵向数据集将用于测试疼痛水平是否与EF相互作用，以预测积极的影响。假设1）当我疼痛时，老年人将使用比年轻人更成功的阳性增强机制； 2）老年人比年轻人更好地保持疼痛后的积极影响； A 3）那些EF和HRV更好的人在面对疼痛时最有效地保持积极影响。除了提供有关疼痛后积极影响如何保持积极影响的理论见解外，该项目还将有助于促进健康研究的多样性B提供PI（西班牙裔第一代大学生），这是发展成为独立研究人员所需技能的培训机会。为此，该项目包括一个详细的计划，旨在在PI传播尖端研究，学习新颖的统计和方法论技术以及扩大其有关疼痛经验的心理和生理后果的研究计划。