Maternal Residential Proximity to Shale Gas Extraction and Pregnancy Outcomes

孕产妇住宅靠近页岩气开采和怀孕结果

基本信息

批准号：
8680901
负责人：
Kristina Walker Whitworth
金额：
$ 7.6万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-22 至 2016-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8680901
关键词：
Address Affect Air Air Pollution Archives Area Birth Birth Rate Birth Weight Chemical Exposure Chemicals Cohort Studies Communities County Data Data Sources Death Records Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Epidemiologic Studies Epidemiology Exposure to Fetal Death Fetal Movement Fracture Future Gases Geographic Distribution Geographic Information Systems Goals Hazardous Chemicals Health Health Hazards Health Services Healthy People 2010 Human Activities Individual Infant Mortality Investigation Life Location Low Birth Weight Infant Maps Metric Mission National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Natural Gas Outcome Peer Review Play Population Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Premature Birth Premature Infant Production Productivity Public Health Pump Railroads Regression Analysis Reporting Reproductive Health Research Risk Risk Assessment Silicon Dioxide Site Small for Gestational Age Infant Texas Time Water Water Pollution Woman Work cohort epidemiologic data experience fetal hazard indexing public health relevance

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Advancements in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) have allowed access to untapped natural gas reserves in shale formations. Although the health consequences of shale gas extraction activities have not been fully explored, shale gas extraction wells may co-occur with population centers. The Barnett Shale, near the Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) metroplex, is the largest shale play in Texas and the nation's most developed, with over a decade of natural gas production. Although there are overwhelming environmental and public health concerns regarding health effects related to air and water pollution resulting from shale gas extraction drilling activities, few peer-reviewed systematic investigations of adverse health effects among residents in communities near shale gas extraction wells exist. There is epidemiologic evidence that environmental exposures, such as air and water pollution, may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight (LBW), both major drivers of infant mortality. However, there are no such investigations among women living near drilling activities in Texas. Therefore, we will conduct an epidemiologic study, using a retrospective birth cohort, to examine the relation between maternal residential proximity to shale gas extraction drilling activities and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in communities near the Barnett Shale. We hypothesize that living near shale gas extraction drilling activities increases women's risk of having poor pregnancy outcomes. The first aim will examine the geographic distribution of shale gas extraction wells in the Barnett shale in relation to Texas water district boundaries. The second aim will examine the associations between maternal residential proximity to shale gas extraction drilling activity in the Barnett shale and pregnancy outcomes (birth weight, preterm birth, small-for-gestational age, and fetal loss) using regression analyses, and adjusted for appropriate covariates. This study will address public concerns regarding potential hazards experienced by communities near shale gas extraction drilling sites. More specifically, the results will inform both the public and the research community concerning potential adverse reproductive health effects in these communities. This investigation will also serve as a starting point and provide direction for future comprehensive investigations of chemical exposures experienced by individuals living in communities near the Barnett Shale. Identifying potential pregnancy risks experienced by women in these communities will inform NIEHS' mission of discovering how the environment affects people and promoting healthier lives.

描述（由申请人提供）：水平钻孔和液压压裂（压裂）的进步已允许在页岩地层中使用未开发的天然气储量。尽管尚未完全探索页岩气提取活动的健康后果，但页岩气提取井可能与人口中心共同发生。达拉斯/沃思堡（DFW）Metroplex附近的Barnett页岩是德克萨斯州和美国最发达的最大的页岩表演，拥有十多年的天然气生产。尽管关于与页岩气提取钻探活动相关的健康影响与空气和水污染有关的健康和公共卫生问题，但对页岩气提取井附近社区中居民的不良健康影响很少进行同行评审的系统调查。流行病学证据表明，环境暴露（例如空气和水污染）可能会增加不良怀孕结果的风险，包括早产和低出生体重（LBW），这都是婴儿死亡率的主要驱动因素。但是，在得克萨斯州近距离钻探活动附近的妇女中没有这样的调查。因此，我们将使用回顾性出生队列进行一项流行病学研究，以检查孕产妇住宅与页岩气提取钻探活动与巴内特页岩附近社区中妇女的不良怀孕结局之间的关系。我们假设在页岩气提取钻探活动附近生活会增加妇女患妊娠不良结局的风险。第一个目的将检查与德克萨斯水区边界有关的Barnett页岩中页岩气提取井的地理分布。第二个目的将使用回归分析来研究Barnett页岩和妊娠结局（出生体重，早产，小胎龄和胎儿丧失）中与页岩气提取活动活动之间的相关性，并使用回归分析进行了调整，并调整了适当的协变量。这项研究将解决公众对页岩气提取钻探地点附近社区所经历的潜在危害的担忧。更具体地说，结果将为公众和研究界提供有关这些社区潜在不利生殖健康影响的信息。这项调查还将成为起点，并为未来的全面调查提供了对居住在巴内特页岩附近社区中的个人所经历的化学暴露的全面调查。确定妇女在这些社区中遇到的潜在怀孕风险将告知NIEHS的使命，即发现环境如何影响人们并促进更健康的生活。