Anxiety and Attention: Electrophysiological Measurement of Enhancement and Suppr

焦虑和注意力：增强和抑制的电生理测量

• 批准号: 8690979
• 负责人: STEVEN J LUCK
• 金额: $ 7.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8690979
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Automobile Driving; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Clinical; Cognitive; Data; Decision Making; Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Failure; Fright; Functional disorder; Future; Gold; Guns; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Learning; Light; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Nature; Outcome; Output; Play; Population; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Reaction; Research; Resources; Role; Shapes; Specificity; Stimulus; Time; Visual attention; Work; behavior measurement; directed attention; driving force; emotional stimulus; experience; indexing; neuromechanism; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Attention and emotion have a bidirectional relationship, which serves a strong role in driving human behavior. The purpose of the present proposal is to advance our understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms that underlie attention-emotion interactions and individual differences in anxiety. Specifically, the proposed project will use a combination of behavioral and novel event-related potential (ERP) measures to characterize the precise mechanisms and time course of attentional allocation to emotional stimuli. Emotional stimuli that are threatening in nature have been shown to be especially potent modulators of attention. Indeed, abnormal allocation of attention to threatening stimuli has been implicated as a potential etiological factor in anxiety disorders. The proposed research will examine neural and behavioral indices of attention in the context of threat to pinpoint the basic mechanisms that drive attention-emotion interactions and individual differences in anxiety. We will use a well-validated ERP measure of the allocation of attention (the N2pc component) to assess the magnitude and time course of attentional allocation to threatening stimuli. We will also use a newly discovered ERP measure of attentional suppression (the Pd component) to assess the top-down suppression of threatening stimuli. Together, these two ERP measures will make it possible to isolate separate aspects of threat processing that are ordinarily intermixed in behavioral measures. Moreover, the proposed project will examine how these processes vary as a function of individual differences in trait anxiety to characterize the role of atypical attentional processes in characterizing anxiety. This follows from pilot data in which we observed substantial individual differences in ERP indices of suppression of threat, which in turn made it possible to identify individual differences in behavioral measures of threat processing. We will also examine the effects of direct manipulations of state anxiety on these measures. Moreover, because anxiety disorders often involve the acquisition of conditioned emotional responses, we will also examine attention and suppression in the context of conditioned threat. This research will serve an important role in furthering our basic science understanding of the relationships among attention, emotion, and anxiety, and it will also inform future clinical work on anxiety.

描述（由申请人提供）：注意力和情感具有双向关系，这在推动人类行为方面发挥了重要作用。本提案的目的是促进我们对注意力情绪相互作用和焦虑中个体差异的认知和神经机制的理解。具体而言，拟议的项目将使用行为和新型事件相关电位（ERP）措施的组合来表征精确的机制和时间介绍到情绪刺激的时间和时间过程。在本质上威胁性的情绪刺激已被证明是关注的有效调节剂。确实，对威胁刺激的注意力的异常分配已被认为是焦虑症的潜在病因。拟议的研究将在威胁的背景下检查注意力的神经和行为指标，以指出推动注意力情绪相互作用的基本机制和焦虑中的个体差异。我们将使用精心验证的ERP度量的注意力分配（N2PC组件）来评估注意力分配的幅度和时间过程。我们还将使用新发现的ERP注意力抑制（PD成分）来评估自上而下的抑制威胁刺激。这两个ERP措施一起将使通常将威胁处理的各个方面隔离在 行为措施。此外，拟议的项目将研究这些过程如何随着特质焦虑中个体差异的函数而变化，以表征非典型注意过程在表征焦虑中的作用。这是从试点数据中观察到的，我们观察到了抑制威胁的ERP指数的实质性个体差异，这反过来又可以确定在威胁处理行为度量中的个体差异。我们还将检查直接操纵国家焦虑对这些措施的影响。此外，由于焦虑症通常涉及对条件情绪反应的获取，因此我们还将在条件威胁的背景下检查注意力和抑制。这项研究将在进一步了解我们对注意力，情感和焦虑之间的关系的基础科学理解方面发挥重要作用，并且还将为未来的焦虑临床工作提供依据。

项目成果

Behavioral and ERP measures of attentional bias to threat in the dot-probe task: poor reliability and lack of correlation with anxiety.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01368
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Frontiers in psychology
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Kappenman ES;Farrens JL;Luck SJ;Proudfit GH
• 通讯作者: Proudfit GH

Recoiling from Threat: Anxiety is Related to Heightened Suppression of Threat, Not Increased Attention to Threat.

• DOI: 10.1177/2167702620961074
• 发表时间: 2021-05-01
• 期刊: Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science
• 作者: Kappenman ES;Geddert R;Farrens JL;McDonald JJ;Hajcak G
• 通讯作者: Hajcak G