Placental trophoblast infection and TLR mediated response to congenital CMV

胎盘滋养层感染和 TLR 介导的先天性 CMV 反应

基本信息

批准号：
8500185
负责人：
ALISTAIR MCGREGOR
金额：
$ 34.91万
依托单位：
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-05 至 2016-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8500185
关键词：
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adverse effects Animal Model Antiviral Agents Bacteria Blood Circulation Blood Vessels Cavia Cells Complex Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus Infections Cytomegalovirus Vaccines Development Disease Endothelial Cells Epithelial Epithelial Cells Fetus Fibroblasts Genes Glycoproteins Goals Guinea pig cytomegalovirus Homologous Gene Human Image Immune response Immunocompromised Host Individual Infection Inflammatory Inflammatory Response Intervention Lead Ligands Luciferases Mediating Mental Retardation Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Mothers Natural Immunity Newborn Infant Outcomes Research Pathogenicity Pathway interactions Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Placenta Population Pregnancy Prevention Proteins Research Serum Structure T-Lymphocyte Techniques Time Toll-Like Receptor 1 Toll-like receptors Transplantation Tropism Vaccinated Vaccines Viral Viral Antibodies Viral Proteins Virus Virus Diseases base bioluminescence imaging congenital cytomegalovirus congenital infection deafness effective intervention fetal human disease in utero insight man mortality mutant novel novel vaccines pathogen pre-clinical prevent public health priorities resistant strain response secondary infection transmission process trophoblast

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Development of an effective intervention strategy against congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major public health priority. However, candidate CMV vaccines strategies have been unsuccessful in completely preventing congenital infection in a pre-clinical animal model and an effective vaccine remains an elusive goal. The pathogenicity of CMV transplacental infection is poorly defined and a better understanding may provide fresh insight for the development of a novel intervention or vaccine strategy. In this proposal, we will examine two key aspects of placental infection: (1) Toll-like receptor (TLR) mediated innate immune response of the placenta to CMV; (2) Viral tropism and placental infection. The inflammatory innate immune response mediated via TLRs expressed on key placental cells (trophoblasts) is potentially an important aspect of controlling placental invasion congenital infection by both bacteria and viruses. CMV is known to be recognized by multiple TLRs but the placental TLR mediated response to CMV is poorly defined as is the mechanism by which CMV potentially circumvents the placental innate immunity and infects the fetus in utero. It is our hypothesis that successful congenital infection is reliant upon the ability of CMV to efficiently enter and usurp TLR expressing trophoblast cells, an important component of the placental barrier and placental innate immunity. Potentially, the newly identified endocytic pathway of viral cell entry could be an important factor in the invasion of the placenta and infection of epithelial trophoblasts. We propose to determine the significance of the TLR mediated innate immune response of the placenta to CMV infection in the only small animal model (guinea pig) for congenital CMV. Additionally, using the same animal model, we will define important tropism genes that potentially enable the virus to establish infectious foci in th placenta and subsequently infect the fetus in utero. These studies will employ conventional histopathological and immunohistochemical approaches as well as novel techniques including the use of bioluminescence imaging of viral dissemination in the animal model.

描述（由申请人提供）：制定针对先天性巨细胞病毒（CMV）的有效干预策略是一项主要的公共卫生优先事项。然而，候选巨细胞病毒疫苗策略未能成功地完全预防临床前动物模型中的先天性感染，有效的疫苗仍然是一个难以实现的目标。 CMV 经胎盘感染的致病性尚不清楚，更好的理解可能为开发新的干预措施或疫苗策略提供新的见解。在本提案中，我们将研究胎盘感染的两个关键方面：（1）Toll样受体（TLR）介导的胎盘对CMV的先天免疫反应； (2)病毒趋向性与胎盘感染。通过关键胎盘细胞（滋养层）上表达的 TLR 介导的炎症先天免疫反应可能是控制细菌和病毒胎盘侵入先天性感染的一个重要方面。已知 CMV 可被多种 TLR 识别，但胎盘 TLR 介导的对 CMV 的反应尚不清楚，因为 CMV 可能绕过胎盘先天免疫并感染子宫内胎儿的机制。我们的假设是，成功的先天性感染取决于 CMV 的能力有效进入并侵占表达 TLR 的滋养层细胞，这是胎盘屏障和胎盘先天免疫的重要组成部分。新发现的病毒细胞进入内吞途径可能是侵入胎盘和感染上皮滋养层的重要因素。我们建议在唯一的先天性 CMV 小动物模型（豚鼠）中确定 TLR 介导的胎盘对 CMV 感染的先天免疫反应的重要性。此外，使用相同的动物模型，我们将定义重要的向性基因，这些基因可能使病毒能够在胎盘中建立感染灶，并随后感染子宫内的胎儿。这些研究将采用传统的组织病理学和免疫组织化学方法以及新技术，包括使用动物模型中病毒传播的生物发光成像。