Comparative Studies of Vocal Control

声音控制的比较研究

• 批准号: 8605218
• 负责人: ELIOT A BRENOWITZ
• 金额: $ 43.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8605218
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affective; Afferent Neurons; Apoptosis; Behavior; Behavioral; Birds; Birth; Brain; Brain region; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Breeding; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Death; Cell Nucleus; Cell physiology; Cessation of life; Chimeric Proteins; Comparative Study; Data; Dental crowns; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Employee Strikes; Endocrinology; Ensure; Equilibrium; Etiology; Functional RNA; Gene Expression; Gene Family; Genes; Genetic; Genomics; Goals; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Growth; Hormone Receptor; Hormones; Human; Label; Learning; Life; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; MicroRNAs; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Names; Nerve Degeneration; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotrophic Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Type 3; Neurotrophin 3; Newborn Infant; Outcome; Physiological; Process; Prosencephalon; Proteins; Research; Role; Schizophrenia; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Slice; Sparrows; Steroids; Stroke; Study models; System; Testing; Testosterone; Thymidine; Variant; Work; bird song; cohort; drug of abuse; experience; follow-up; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; male; neural circuit; neurogenesis; neurophysiology; neuroprotection; neurotrophic factor; newborn neuron; novel; programs; public health relevance; receptor; relating to nervous system; research study; stereotypy; steroid hormone; vocal control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Seasonal growth and shrinkage of brain regions involved in control of birdsong provides a striking and unique opportunity to investigate the mechanisms regulating neuronal turnover associated with natural variation in steroids, and the functional consequences of this neural plasticity for sensorimotor learning. The aims in this proposal address fundamental issues of neural plasticity, and neuronal turnover in particular, in adult brains. These include the role of steroid hormones and neurotrophins in neuronal birth and death (Aims 1-2), the role of neurotrophins in neuronal activity that influences neurogenesis (Aim 3), and the coordinated expression of families of genes important in regulating functionally related processes of neurogenesis, neuronal protection, death, and activity (Aim 4). The birdsong system excels as a model for studies of neural plasticity; it is a well-defined and tractable neural circuit that shows extreme seasonal plasticity and regulates song, a learned sensorimotor behavior that is easily analyzed. This research will advance the field by 1) elucidating the mechanisms underlying the functional linkage between neuronal birth and death in adult brains (Aims 1,2); 2) providing the first evidence that neurotrophins influence the electrophysiology of neurons in the song system (Aim 3); 3) moving this field beyond the level of single gene analysis by opening up analysis of microRNA expression as a molecular mechanism for coordinating the expression of gene families that regulate the component cellular processes of adult neuroplasticity (Aim 4).

描述（由申请人提供）：涉及鸟鸣控制的大脑区域的季节生长和收缩，为调查与类固醇自然变化相关的神经元更新的机制提供了惊人而独特的机会，以及这种神经可塑性对感官学习的功能后果。该提案的目的涉及成人大脑中神经可塑性的基本问题，尤其是神经元更新。其中包括类固醇激素和神经营养蛋白在神经元出生和死亡中的作用（AIMS 1-2），神经营养蛋白在影响神经发生的神经元活性中的作用（AIM 3）以及在调节神经发生功能相关过程中的基因家族的协调表达，神经元保护，神经元保护，死亡，死亡和活动（AIM 4）。 Birdsong系统擅长研究神经可塑性的模型。这是一个明确且可触及的神经回路，显示出极端的季节性可塑性并调节歌曲，这是一种易于分析的学习性感觉运动行为。这项研究将通过1）阐明成人大脑神经元出生与死亡之间功能联系的机制（目标1,2）； 2）提供第一个证据，表明神经营养蛋白会影响歌曲系统中神经元的电生理学（AIM 3）； 3）通过开放将microRNA表达的分析作为一种分子机制来协调调节成人神经塑性的组分细胞过程的分子机制，将此领域超出单基因分析水平（AIM 4）。