Atypical Effects of Reinforcement Procedures in ASD

ASD 强化程序的非典型效果

基本信息

批准号：
8730708
负责人：
WILLIAM J MCILVANE
金额：
$ 20.35万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-05 至 2016-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8730708
关键词：
Address Adolescence Affect Animal Model Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavior Disorders Behavior Therapy Behavioral Characteristics Child Childhood Clinical Data Development Discipline Discrimination Discrimination Learning Disease Early Intervention Event-Related Potentials Extinction (Psychology)Foundations Goals Heterogeneity Human Individual Individual Differences Intellectual functioning disability Laboratories Lead Learning Measures Methodology Methods Modeling Neurodevelopmental Disorder Outcome Outcome Study Performance Persons Population Characteristics Procedures Process Psychological reinforcement Reinforcement Schedule Research Reversal Learning Schedule Science Severities Staging Stimulus Symptoms Test Result Testing Time Treatment Efficacy Treatment outcome Uncertainty Variant autism spectrum disorder base behavior test clinical Diagnosis cognitive neuroscience design deviant effective intervention effective therapy evidence base follow-up multidisciplinary neuropsychiatry programs psychobiologic psychobiology public health relevance reinforcer remediation response skills standard care therapy outcome treatment program treatment strategy

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This exploratory/development project addresses the widely observed challenge of heterogeneity in the response of persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) to behavior therapy. Fundamental in the design of such therapy is the assumption that basic behavioral processes such as reinforcement and extinction operate in a manner that is consistent with the general principles of the science from which the therapy derives. However, converging evidence from studies of both humans with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., ADHD) and animal models thereof suggest that there may be cases and circumstances under which that assumption may be questionable or at least may require a somewhat different interpretation than is customary. If the underlying assumptions do not hold true in all cases, then outcomes of therapy may show unsatisfactory variability. The proposed project is a multidisciplinary analytic effort with inputs from behavior analysis, psychobiology, and cognitive neuroscience. In studies under well-controlled conditions, we will use combined methodology from those disciplines to test two hypotheses with children with ASD and severe ID: (1) Results of tests of behavioral allocation in response to disparities in and changes to schedules of effective reinforcer deliveries will correlate positivel with performance on procedures that require discrimination learning, and (2) Results of certain psychobiological measures will differentiate children who do and do not show high responsiveness in behavioral allocation to schedule disparities/changes.

描述（由申请人提供）：此探索/发展项目解决了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和智力障碍（ID）对行为治疗的人的反应中异质性的广泛观察到的挑战。这种疗法设计的基本是假设，即基本的行为过程（例如增强和灭绝）的作用是与该治疗所衍生的科学的一般原理相一致的方式。但是，从对人类研究的研究的融合证据（例如，ADHD）及其动物模型表明，在某些情况和情况下，假设可能是值得怀疑的，或者至少可能需要与习惯上有所不同的解释。如果基本假设在所有情况下都不成立，则治疗的结果可能显示出不满意的变异性。拟议的项目是一项多学科的分析工作，其行为分析，心理生物学和认知神经科学的意见。在控制良好的条件下的研究中，我们将利用这些学科的合并方法来检验两个假设与ASD和严重ID的儿童：（1）行为分配测试的结果：响应于差异的差异以及有效增强剂的时间表的变化的变化，以及对某些差异性的绩效的绩效和（2）效果的绩效（2）效果的变化，以及（2）效果，以及（2）效果。行为分配以安排差异/变化。