Neural basis of vocal signal recognition during natural communication

自然交流过程中声音信号识别的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
8731191
负责人：
CORY T MILLER
金额：
$ 37.78万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8731191
关键词：
Acoustics Address Affect Animals Auditory Auditory area Auditory system Behavior Behavioral Callithrix Callithrix jacchus jacchus Categories Clinical Treatment Cognitive Communication Complex Computer software Cues Data Dimensions Disease Dorsal Environment Foundations Future Histology Human Individual Language Location Modeling Neocortex Neuroanatomy Neurologic Neurons Patients Perception Physiology Play Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Property Role Sampling Series Signal Transduction Site Speech Stimulus Structure System Techniques Testing Voice Work base communication behavior frontal lobe innovation neural patterning neuroimaging neuromechanism neurophysiology nonhuman primate novel relating to nervous system research study response sex social sound speech recognition vocalization

Acoustics Address Affect Animals Auditory Auditory area Auditory system Behavior Behavioral Callithrix Callithrix jacchus jacchus Categories Clinical Treatment Cognitive Communication Complex Computer software Cues Data Dimensions Disease Dorsal Environment Foundations Future Histology Human Individual Language Location Modeling Neocortex Neuroanatomy Neurologic Neurons Patients Perception Physiology Play Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Property Role Sampling Series Signal Transduction Site Speech Stimulus Structure System Techniques Testing Voice Work base communication behavior frontal lobe innovation neural patterning neuroimaging neuromechanism neurophysiology nonhuman primate novel relating to nervous system research study response sex social sound speech recognition vocalization

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项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human and nonhuman primates communicate with conspecifics using vocalizations. For communication in this medium to be successful, listeners must be able to recognize vocal signals (e.g. words for humans) and parse them from the plethora of other biotic and abiotic sounds in the acoustic environment. Rather than be the culmination of vocal signal recognition, identifying species-specific acoustic signals is only one part of a more complex process. Like other objects, vocal signals comprise a number of categories that reflect social dimensions of the caller, such as individual identity, sex, dialect, etc. These social categories are encoded in the acoustic structure of the vocalization due to idiosyncrasies in the caller's voice and are known to be perceptually meaningful in both human and nonhuman primate vocal interactions. While the neural basis of speech recognition has been extensively studied using various neuroimaging techniques and patients, much less is known about its underlying cellular mechanisms. Given similarities in vocal perception and homologies in the auditory system neuroanatomy, nonhuman primates represent an excellent model for explicating the neural mechanisms underlying vocal signal recognition in primate neocortex. Nearly all earlier neural studies of vocalization processing in nonhuman primate cortex involve experiments in which vocalization exemplars are presented to restrained animals. Communication, however, is an inherently interactive process involving the exchange of signals between conspecifics. The aim of this proposal is to examine vocal signal recognition in naturally behaving common marmosets while they engage in antiphonal calling, a vocal behavior characterized by the reciprocal exchange of vocalizations. Since marmosets will only produce an antiphonal call in response to a particular call type, this behavior represents a natural (i.e. untrained) recognition system and is uniquely suited to explore the neural basis of social categorization during natural communication for the following three reasons. First, previous work shows that social categories of callers affect the dynamics of antiphonal calling. Second, we developed novel, interactive playback software that allows us to elicit this vocal response under experimental conditions. And third, we can record the activity of single neurons in marmoset prefrontal cortex while subjects are freely-moving. These three components represent a potentially powerful approach to addressing the three aims of this proposal. Specific Aim 1 is to combine single-unit neurophysiology and histology to characterize the functional neuroanatomy of marmoset frontal cortex for vocal communication. This aim will establish a foundation for all subsequent physiology, both in this proposal and further in the future. Specific Aim 2 seeks to extensively test the perceptual basis of social categorization by presenting subjects with synthetically manipulated vocalizations. Specific Aim 3 builds on the preceding aims of this proposal by testing the neural basis of social categorization during antiphonal calling using the neuroanatomical locations of Aim 1 and the perceptual findings of Aim 2.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类和非人类灵长类动物使用发声与特定的人进行交流。为了使这种媒介的沟通成功，听众必须能够识别声音信号（例如人类的单词），并从声音环境中其他过多的生物和非生物声音中解析它们。识别物种特异性的声学信号不是声音信号识别的高潮，只是一个更复杂的过程的一部分。像其他物体一样，声音信号包括许多反映呼叫者社会维度的类别，例如个人身份，性别，方言，等等。这些社会类别是在呼叫者声音中特质引起的声音化的声学结构中编码的，并且在人类和非人类灵长类动物的声音相互作用中都具有感知意义。尽管使用各种神经影像学技术和患者对语音识别的神经基础进行了广泛的研究，但对其潜在的细胞机制知之甚少。鉴于听觉系统的声音感知和同源性神经解剖学的相似性，非人类灵长类动物代表了一种出色的模型，用于阐明灵长类动物新皮层中声音信号识别的神经机制。非人类灵长类动物皮质中发声加工的几乎所有早期的神经研究都涉及实验，其中将声音典范呈现给了约束动物。但是，交流是一个固有的交互过程，涉及相关之间的信号交换。该提案的目的是在自然行为的摩尔马人进行反音呼唤时检查声音信号识别，这是一种以互惠交换为特征的人声行为。由于Marmosets只会对特定的呼叫类型产生反音呼叫，因此此行为代表了一种自然的（即未经训练）的识别系统，并且非常适合探索自然交流期间社会分类的神经基础，这是以下三个原因。首先，先前的工作表明，呼叫者的社会类别会影响反音呼叫的动态。其次，我们开发了新颖的交互式播放软件，使我们能够在实验条件下引起这种声音响应。第三，我们可以记录在马尔莫斯特前额叶皮层中单个神经元的活性，而受试者自由移动。这三个组成部分代表了解决该提案三个目标的潜在强大方法。具体目的1是将单个单元神经生理学和组织学结合起来，以表征摩尔马斯横向皮质的功能性神经解剖学以进行声音交流。这个目标将为随后的所有生理学建立基础，无论是在本提案中还是将来进一步。具体的 AIM 2试图通过呈现合成操纵的发声来广泛测试社会分类的感知基础。特定的目标3通过使用AIM 1的神经解剖位置和AIM 2的感知结果来测试反响应期间社会分类的神经基础，以本提案的先前目的建立。