Neural Noise and Cognitive Control in Schizophrenia

精神分裂症的神经噪声和认知控制

• 批准号: 8607212
• 负责人: BRETT A CLEMENTZ
• 金额: $ 37.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-08 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8607212
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cognitive; Control Groups; Data; Detection; Disease; Electroencephalography; Equipment Design; Etiology; Eye Movements; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Hearing; Human; Imaging technology; Institutes; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Methods; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Noise; Pattern; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Radio; Regulation; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Role; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Signs and Symptoms; Source; Specificity; Stimulus; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Techniques; Time; Translational Research; Variant; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual attention; Work; base; cognitive control; density; improved; meetings; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; sensory cortex; sensory system; theories; translational neuroscience; translational study; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): People with schizophrenia have documented evidence of abnormal prefrontal cortex (PFC) mediated cognitive control. A group of healthy people exist who manifest neither signs nor symptoms of schizophrenia but who nevertheless show impaired cognitive control. In this healthy group, both task performance and brain activities are like those observed in people schizophrenia. Yet, schizophrenia is a unique disorder that must be caused by neural deviations differentiable from those solely associated with manifestations of poor PFC-mediated cognitive control. This project will demonstrate that nonspecific neural noise (as a function of cognitive control requirements) accentuates and characterizes the behavioral and neural manifestations of poor cognitive control in schizophrenia. Long-term Goals: This work will show that cognitive control abnormalities resulting in similar behavioral manifestations have different neural etiologies. It will link seemingly disparate behavioral and brain activity deviations for a unified theory of schizophrenia, thus providing a template for translational studies of the illness. Specific Aims: This project will address 4 critical issues for understanding associations between neural noise, cognitive control, regulation of sensory systems, and behavioral performance in schizophrenia: (i) excess (nonspecific) neural noise as a primary neurophysiological deviation; (ii) PFC activation and PFC-mediated modulation of sensory processing as a function of cognitive control requirements; (iii) regulation of sensory input to support visual attention and perceptual target detection as a function of stimulus density; and (iv) specificity of deviations in (i)-(iii) to schizophrenia. Methods: During visual tasks, eye movements will be recorded using EOG and neural activity data will be collected with combined MEG (143 channel) / EEG (64 sensor) equipment designed for simultaneous measurements. Combining EEG/MEG yields the best spatial accuracy and temporal certainty for solving source localization problems given their shared and unique sensitivities to brain activities because they act synergistically to improve source localizations. The advantages of combining imaging technologies like EEG/MEG to solve source localization problems has been known for some time but it is still an uncommon practice, although we have demonstrated our ability to perform combined EEG/MEG source localizations using saccade tasks (McDowell et al., 2005). This research will have important implications for understanding the neural bases of cognitive control problems inherent to schizophrenia and how those differ from comparison populations. We also aim to develop a more coherent understanding of the role of PFC problems in schizophrenia, which would guide translational research and inform strategies for developing rehabilitation and treatment techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：精神分裂症患者有记录的证据表明前额皮质（PFC）介导的认知控制异常。有一群健康的人既没有表现出精神分裂症的体征也没有症状，但他们的认知控制能力却受损。在这个健康群体中，任务表现和大脑活动都与精神分裂症患者中观察到的情况相似。然而，精神分裂症是一种独特的疾病，一定是由神经偏差引起的，这与那些仅与 PFC 介导的认知控制不良表现相关的神经偏差不同。该项目将证明，非特异性神经噪声（作为认知控制要求的函数）会加剧和表征精神分裂症认知控制不良的行为和神经表现。长期目标：这项工作将表明，导致相似行为表现的认知控制异常具有不同的神经病因。它将把看似不同的行为和大脑活动偏差联系起来，形成统一的精神分裂症理论，从而为该疾病的转化研究提供模板。具体目标：该项目将解决 4 个关键问题，以了解精神分裂症中神经噪声、认知控制、感觉系统调节和行为表现之间的关联：(i) 过量（非特异性）神经噪声是主要的神经生理学偏差； (ii) PFC 激活和 PFC 介导的感觉处理调节作为认知控制要求的函数； (iii) 调节感觉输入以支持视觉注意和感知目标检测作为刺激密度的函数； (iv) (i)-(iii) 中的偏差对精神分裂症的特异性。方法：在视觉任务期间，将使用 EOG 记录眼球运动，并使用专为同时测量而设计的组合 MEG（143 通道）/EEG（64 传感器）设备收集神经活动数据。鉴于脑电图/脑磁图对大脑活动具有共同且独特的敏感性，结合脑电图/脑磁图可以为解决源定位问题提供最佳的空间精度和时间确定性，因为它们可以协同作用来改善源定位。结合 EEG/MEG 等成像技术来解决源定位问题的优势已经为人所知有一段时间了，但它仍然是一种不常见的做法，尽管我们已经证明了我们使用眼跳任务执行组合 EEG/MEG 源定位的能力（McDowell 等人） .，2005）。这项研究对于理解精神分裂症固有的认知控制问题的神经基础以及这些问题与对照人群有何不同具有重要意义。我们还旨在对 PFC 问题在精神分裂症中的作用形成更一致的理解，这将指导转化研究并为开发康复和治疗技术的策略提供信息。