Patterned Electrical Stimulation of the Retina for High-Resolution Prostheses

用于高分辨率假体的视网膜图案化电刺激

• 批准号: 8708868
• 负责人: EDUARDO CHICHILNISKY
• 金额: $ 37.89万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8708868
• 关键词: Accommodation phosphene; Advanced Development; Affect; Axon; Blindness; Brain; Cell Density; Cells; Complex; Data; Development; Devices; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Foundations; Future; Geometry; Goals; Human; In Vitro; Individual; Knowledge; Linear Models; Macaca; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Population; Primates; Prosthesis; Rattus; Reaction Time; Research; Resolution; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Stimulus; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Transgenic Organisms; Vision; Visual; Work; abstracting; blind; cell type; density; design; electric field; experience; ganglion cell; mutant; new technology; next generation; object motion; object recognition; prototype; receptive field; response; retinal prosthesis; spatiotemporal; transmission process; visual information

Project Summary/Abstract The long-term objectives of my research are to understand the visual signaling function of the retina and to exploit this knowledge for the treatment of blindness. The major goal of the proposed work is to develop techniques for precise, patterned multi-electrode stimulation of the retina, with the purpose of advancing the development of high-resolution retinal prosthetic devices to replace the function of retinas damaged by degeneration. The specific aims involve (1) evoking electrical activity in the major high-resolution ganglion cell types of the primate retina, as well as several ganglion cell types in the degenerating rat retina, (2) selectively stimulating individual cells to achieve the elementary spatial and temporal resolution of normal visual signals transmitted to the brain while avoiding stimulation of axons, over a range of retinal eccentricities, and (3) evoking spatial and spatiotemporal patterns of activity in populations of ganglion cells that can mimic the complex visual signals normally transmitted to the brain. We will apply our unique technology to simultaneously and independently stimulate and record from many ganglion cells in vitro, using an array of electrodes comparable to but much smaller and denser than those used in current retinal prosthetics. We will exploit this technology to develop new methods for focal and patterned stimulation to mimic visual signals, including development of novel technologies to target the central retina. We will also leverage our experience with the primate retina and the P23H mutant rat model of retinal degeneration to maximize the relevance of the findings for treating blindness. Our vision is that the work will aid the design of the next generation of retinal prosthetic devices to support advanced visual functions such as object recognition and motion sensing in human patients.

项目摘要/摘要 我的研究的长期目标是了解 视网膜并利用这些知识来治疗失明。主要目标 拟议的工作是开发技术，以确切的，图案的多电极刺激 视网膜，目的是推进高分辨率视网膜假肢的发展 替代因变性损坏的视网膜功能的设备。具体目的涉及 （1）在灵长类动物的主要高分辨率神经节细胞类型中唤起电活动 视网膜以及退化大鼠视网膜中的几种神经节细胞类型，（2）选择性地 刺激单个细胞以实现正常的基本空间和时间分辨率 视觉信号传递到大脑，同时避免轴突刺激，范围为视网膜 偏心率，以及（3）唤起人群中活动的时空和时空模式 可以模仿通常传播到大脑的复杂视觉信号的神经节细胞。我们 将应用我们独特的技术同时独立地刺激和记录 许多在体外的神经节细胞，使用一系列电极可比但要小得多，并且 比当前的视网膜假肢中使用的密集。我们将利用这项技术开发 对模仿视觉信号的焦点和图案刺激的新方法，包括开发 针对中央视网膜的新技术。我们还将利用我们的经验 灵长类动物视网膜和视网膜变性的p23h突变大鼠模型，以最大化相关性 治疗失明的发现。我们的愿景是，工作将有助于下一个的设计 产生视网膜假体设备，以支持高级视觉功能，例如对象 人类患者的识别和运动感测。