Bi-directional neural interface for probing parallel visual pathways

用于探测平行视觉通路的双向神经接口

• 批准号: 10277396
• 负责人: EDUARDO CHICHILNISKY
• 金额: $ 70.86万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10277396
• 关键词: Achievement; Algorithms; Animals; Behavior; Blindness; Brain; Cells; Code; Conflict (Psychology); Devices; Discrimination; Electric Stimulation; Electrical Engineering; Electrodes; Future; Goals; Individual; Influentials; Joints; Lateral Geniculate Body; Light; Location; Macaca; Monkeys; Motion; Nerve Fibers; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optic Nerve; Optics; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Pathway interactions; Penetration; Perception; Population; Primates; Resolution; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Stimulus; Structure; Surface; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Viral; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Work; adaptive optics; awake; biomaterial compatibility; cell type; clinical application; density; experience; experimental study; implantable device; implantation; in vivo; infancy; instrument; magnocellular; materials science; miniaturize; multi-photon; neural circuit; neurophysiology; novel; optogenetics; parvocellular; prevent; prototype; relating to nervous system; retina implantation; retinal prosthesis; signal processing; spatial integration; vision science

Project Summary/Abstract The goal of this proposal is to develop a high-fidelity adaptive electrical interface to the retina and use it to investigate the contributions of the parallel visual pathways (M and P, ON and OFF) to the perception and behavior of macaque monkeys. The device will operate bi-directionally at the resolution of single cells and single spikes, and will adapt itself to the diversity of cell types and locations in the host neural circuitry. We build on our extensive work in isolated primate retina, which demonstrates the ability to electrically stimulate and record nearly complete populations of retinal ganglion cells at single-cell, single-spike resolution. We will develop the technologies needed to take this approach to the in vivo setting, and then use them to probe visual function in behaving macaques, by pursuing three aims: (1) develop and test a high-density, large-scale electrical recording and stimulation device, (2) develop surgical techniques, test biocompatibility, and test functionality in anesthetized animals, and (3) probe the computations within and between the M and P pathways and their role in motion vision. Our unique approach to these problems relies on a team with extensive experience in neurophysiology, visual behavior, integrated circuits, materials science, surgery, and signal processing. In addition to testing fundamental aspects of visual function in novel ways, this work will produce a platform technology for other neural interfaces and a functional prototype for a future retinal implant to treat incurable blindness.

项目摘要/摘要 该提案的目的是将高保真自适应电气接口开发到视网膜，并将其用于 研究平行的视觉途径（M和P，ON和OFF）对感知的贡献 猕猴的行为。该设备将在单个单元的分辨率和 单个尖峰，并将适应宿主神经回路中细胞类型和位置的多样性。 我们以孤立的灵长类动物视网膜的广泛工作为基础，这表明了电力的能力 刺激并记录单细胞单细胞的视网膜神经节细胞几乎完整的群体 解决。我们将开发将这种方法采用这种方法进入体内环境所需的技术，然后 通过追求三个目标来探测行为猕猴的视觉功能：（1）开发和测试 高密度，大规模电记录和刺激装置，（2）开发手术技术，测试 麻醉动物的生物相容性和测试功能，（3）探测和 M和P途径及其在运动视觉中的作用。我们解决这些问题的独特方法 依靠在神经生理学，视觉行为，综合电路方面拥有丰富经验的团队， 材料科学，手术和信号处理。除了测试视觉的基本方面 这项工作以新颖的方式发挥作用，将为其他神经接口和一个平台技术生产 未来视网膜植入物治疗无法治愈的失明的功能原型。