Combined Multi-Pinhole and Fan-Beam Brain SPECT

结合多针孔和扇束脑 SPECT

• 批准号: 8670742
• 负责人: Michael A King
• 金额: $ 20.31万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8670742
• 关键词: Address; Beds; Binding; Biological Models; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Breast; Caliber; Cardiac; Cephalic; Clinical; Code; Collimator; Computer software; Corpus striatum structure; Coupled; Data; Detection; Diagnosis; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Evaluation; Financial compensation; Funding; Goals; Head; Heart; Image; Imagery; Imaging Techniques; Investigation; Label; Lateral; Limb structure; Monitor; Occipital lobe; Parathyroid gland; Parkinson Disease; Patients; Penetration; Performance; Perfusion; Photons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Price; Procedures; Prostate; Relative (related person); Resolution; Sampling; Structure; Substantia nigra structure; System; Testing; Thyroid Gland; Time; Variant; attenuation; base; bone imaging; clinical application; cost; design; design and construction; detector; high risk; improved; innovation; interest; irradiation; meetings; nervous system disorder; public health relevance; putamen; reconstruction; simulation; single photon emission computed tomography; uptake; web site

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The recent FDA approval of the SPECT imaging agent I-123 labeled DaTscan for diagnosis and monitoring progression of Parkinson's Disease (PD) has open up a new era in SPECT brain imaging. Unlike with perfusion imaging where the entire brain is the volume of interest, with PD the structures of interest are the putamen and caudate (and potentially substantia nigra) which lie in the interior portion of the brain. However imaging of the occipital lobe is also required with PD for calculation of the striatal binding rati (SBR), a parameter of significance in the early diagnosis and differentiation of PD from other disorders with similar clinical presentations. Our hypothesis is that combining a specifically designed MPH collimator on one detector head with a fan-beam collimator on the remaining head of current dual-headed SPECT systems, coupled with iterative reconstruction with modeling system spatial resolution, will result in improved detection and quantification of structures in the interior region of the brain at marginal cost (the price of collimator(s) and reconstruction software). The MPH collimator would be designed to provide enhanced spatial resolution / sensitivity for the interior of the brain. The fan-beam collimator would provide lower resolution but complete sampling of the brain addressing data sufficiency and allowing a volume-of-interest to be defined over the occipital lobe for calculation of SBR's. Clinically this would provide a low-cost system allowing improved visualization and relative quantification of function of structures in the interior region of the brain, potentially as small as the ~4 mm substantia nigra, which cannot currently be achieved by other than expensive, brain dedicated, SPECT systems. This would greatly impact the early detection and differentiation of PD, and possibly other neurological disorders as new SPECT imaging agents are approved. Our approach for investigating our hypothesis is organized into two specific aims. The first specific aim is to select the MPH collimator designs to be compared under the second specific aim by task-based performance studies, and develop the combined reconstruction of MPH and fan-beam collimators to enable this comparison. The second specific aim is to perform task-based optimization and then comparison of the selected designs based on detection using the Channelized Hoteling Observer (CHO) and quantification of striatal function by calculation of the SBR. Using these task-based criteria we will investigate the trade-off of resolution versus sensitivity by variation in the diameter of the pinholes, and ways to improve sensitivity through judicious usage of not enforcing uniqueness in the portion of the detector irradiated by each pinhole (allowing multiplexing), and curvature of the plate the pinholes are mounted on to bring the lateral and cranial pinholes closer to the patient.

描述（由申请人提供）： FDA 最近批准标记为 DaTscan 的 SPECT 成像剂 I-123 用于诊断和监测帕金森病 (PD) 的进展，开启了 SPECT 脑成像的新时代。与灌注成像中整个大脑是感兴趣的体积不同，PD 的感兴趣结构是位于大脑内部的壳核和尾状核（以及可能的黑质）。然而，PD 还需要对枕叶进行成像，以计算纹状体结合率 (SBR)，该参数对于早期诊断以及将 PD 与具有类似临床表现的其他疾病区分开来具有重要意义。我们的假设是，将一个探测器头上专门设计的 MPH 准直器与当前双头 SPECT 系统其余头部上的扇形束准直器相结合，再加上具有建模系统空间分辨率的迭代重建，将改善对大脑内部区域的结构以边际成本（准直器和重建软件的价格）。 MPH 准直器旨在为大脑内部提供增强的空间分辨率/灵敏度。扇形束准直器将提供更低的 分辨率，但对大脑进行完整采样，解决数据充分性问题，并允许在枕叶上定义感兴趣的体积以计算 SBR。在临床上，这将提供一种低成本系统，允许改进大​​脑内部区域结构功能的可视化和相对量化，可能小至约 4 毫米的黑质，目前除了昂贵的大脑专用设备之外无法实现这一点，SPECT 系统。随着新的 SPECT 成像剂获得批准，这将极大地影响 PD 以及可能的其他神经系统疾病的早期检测和区分。我们研究假设的方法分为两个具体目标。第一个具体目标是通过基于任务的性能研究选择要在第二个具体目标下进行比较的 MPH 准直器设计，并开发 MPH 和扇形束准直器的组合重建以实现这种比较。第二个具体目标是执行基于任务的优化，然后基于使用通道化酒店观察器 (CHO) 的检测和通过计算 SBR 来量化纹状体功能来比较所选设计。使用这些基于任务的标准，我们将通过改变针孔直径来研究分辨率与灵敏度的权衡，以及通过明智地使用不强制每个针孔照射的探测器部分的唯一性来提高灵敏度的方法（允许多路复用），以及安装针孔的板的曲率，以使侧面和颅骨针孔更接近患者。