Parallel pathways in visual cortex: functional connectivity of output pathways fr

视觉皮层的平行通路：输出通路的功能连接

基本信息

批准号：
8705523
负责人：
Alessandra Angelucci
金额：
$ 36.51万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-08-01 至 2016-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8705523
关键词：
Aging Anatomy Area Autistic Disorder Axon Belief Brain Brain Diseases Callithrix Cells Cerebral cortex Color Complex Computer Simulation Data Defect Development Dorsal Foundations Functional Imaging Functional disorder Funding Generations Goals Grant Knowledge Label Link Macaca Maps Measures Methods Modeling Monkeys Neurons Output Pathway interactions Pattern Population Primates Process Property Relative (related person)Research Resolution Retina Retinal Role Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Sorting - Cell Movement Staging Stimulus Stream Stroke System Thick Vision Visual Visual Cortex Visual system structure Work area MT area V1 area V4 base cell type cytochrome c oxidase design extrastriate visual cortex innovation insight nervous system disorder neural circuit novel object recognition optical imaging parallel processing public health relevance receptive field reconstruction response segregation theories visual information visual process visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Understanding organizing principles for neural circuits in the cortex is necessary to understand their computational function. This principle has informed the new field of "connectomics", devoted to generating wiring diagrams of the brain, or subsections of it, at different scales. In the primate visual cortex, areas V1 and V2 distribute information they receive from the retina to virtually all higher areas, sorting this information ino dorsal and ventral processing streams for spatial and object vision, respectively. The objective of this application is to uncover the rules of anatomical and functional connectivity for V1 and V2 output pathways, in order to understand how these areas may refine and re-organize retinal signals into visual processing streams, and how these pathways contribute to creating the complex receptive field (RF) properties of neurons in higher areas. Parallel pathways from V1 to V2 project to distinct cytochrome-oxidase stripes (thick, thin and pale). During the previous grant period, we discovered 4 segregated pathways between V1 & V2. We also discovered specialized functional organizations of V1 pathways related to thick and pale stripes that may underlie the responses of V2 RFs to angled and curved contours. This proposal builds upon these findings. The goal of Aim 1 is to understand how single V1 cells contribute to generating V2 RFs, by determining the axonal and dendritic layout of single V1 output cells over the V1 and V2 orientation maps. We will provide the fist comprehensive anatomical description at mesoscopic scale of V1 cells projecting to specific V2 stripes, including the intra-V1 and intra-V2 axonal arborizations of identified cell types, and their functional organization within both V1 & V2. This information will provide insights into the roles of feedforward vs. intra-V2 mechanisms in the generation of V2 RFs, and on the contribution of intra-V1 and V1-to-V2 circuits to the processing of contours. We will then investigate whether anatomical and functional segregation of the 4 pathways is maintained or lost downstream of V2. The goal of Aim2 is to determine the areal projections of the two V2 pale stripe types, which we have recently demonstrated to be distinct compartments. This study will determine each pale stripe contribution to the dorsal and ventral processing streams. V2 and V4 contain segregated representations for visual stimulus orientation and color. The goal of Aim3 is to determine whether connections between V2 & V4 occur between regions of similar featural representation, or whether cross-stream convergence occurs in V4. This study will also provide insights into the roles of feedforward vs. intra-areal mechanisms in the generation of V4 RFs and featural maps. The proposed research is significant because it will reveal anatomical and functional wiring principles for V1 and V2 output pathways that will serve as a foundation for hypothesis-driven and anatomically-constrained studies of their function. The proposed research is innovative because it combines functional imaging with high-resolution labeling of single axons, using novel methods for single axon labeling and reconstruction.

描述（由申请人提供）：了解皮质中神经回路的组织原理对于了解其计算功能是必要的。该原则已告知“连接组”的新领域，该领域专门用于在不同尺度上生成大脑的接线图或IT的小节。在灵长类动物的视觉皮层中，V1和V2区域将其从视网膜收到的信息分配给几乎所有较高的区域，分别为空间和对象视觉分别对此信息进行分类。该应用的目的是发现V1和V2的解剖和功能连接的规则输出途径，以了解这些区域如何将视网膜信号改进并重组为视觉处理流，以及这些途径如何有助于创建较高区域中神经元的复杂接受场（RF）特性。从V1到V2项目到不同的细胞色素氧化酶条纹（厚，薄和苍白）的平行路径。在上一个赠款期间时期，我们发现了V1和V2之间的4个隔离途径。我们还发现了V1途径的专门功能组织，与厚实的条纹有关，这可能是V2 RFS对角度和弯曲轮廓的响应的基础。该提议建立在这些发现的基础上。 AIM 1的目的是通过确定在V1和V2方向图上的单个V1输出单元的轴突和树突布局来了解单个V1细胞如何对生成V2 RF的贡献。我们将在投影到特定V2条纹的V1细胞的介观量表上提供拳头全面的解剖学描述，包括Intra-V1和Intra-V2 V1＆V2中鉴定出的细胞类型及其功能组织的轴突树木。该信息将提供有关馈电与Intra-V2机制在V2 RF产生中的作用以及Intra-V1和V1-to-V2电路对轮廓处理的作用的见解。然后，我们将研究4种途径的解剖和功能分离是否保持V2的下游或丢失。 AIM2的目的是确定两种V2淡条纹类型的面积投影，我们最近证明这是不同的隔间。这项研究将确定每个淡条纹对背侧和腹侧加工流的贡献。 V2和V4包含用于视觉刺激方向和颜色的隔离表示。 AIM3的目的是确定V2和V4之间的连接是否发生在类似特征表示的区域之间，还是在V4中发生跨流收敛。这项研究还将洞悉饲喂馈线与 - 美术内机制在V4 RFS和特征图中的作用。拟议的研究很重要，因为它将揭示V1和V2输出的解剖和功能接线原理将作为假设驱动和解剖学的功能研究的基础的途径。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它使用新型方法将功能成像与单轴突的高分辨率标记结合在一起，用于单轴突标记和重建。