Menstrual cycle influences on regulatory control over drinking in young women

月经周期对年轻女性饮酒监管的影响

• 批准号: 8780292
• 负责人: Haley Carroll
• 金额: $ 4.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8780292
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Cardiac; Characteristics; Clinical; Decision Making; Disease; Emotional; Emotions; Epidemiology; Estrogens; Ethics; Event; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Future; Gender; Health; Hemorrhage; Hormonal; Human; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Life; Literature; Liver diseases; Luteal Phase; Measures; Menstrual cycle; Menstruation; Mental disorders; Mission; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Ovarian; Ovulation; Patient Self-Report; Phase; Prevalence; Prevention program; Progesterone; Psychological Factors; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Risk; Societies; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; System; Time; Training; Variant; Woman; alcohol use disorder; biobehavior; coping; cost; discounting; drinking; executive function; falls; heart rate variability; indexing; insight; man; men; mindfulness; neglect; preference; proliferative phase Menstrual cycle; public health relevance; reduced alcohol use; reproductive; stressor; trait; treatment program; use alcohol to cope; young adult; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use is of great public health concern, costing society nearly $225 billion a year (Bouchery et al., 2011). Women who drink moderately (less than 7 drinks a week, or 3 drinks a day) are at an increased risk for health related complications (e.g., liver disease) as compared to men who drink moderately (NIAAA, 2011). Yet, given the historical bias towards men in the alcohol literature, there is a dearth of research investigating the etiological factors that take part in alcohol use in women (SAMSHA, 2011). Thus, the present study focuses on vulnerability and protective factors that influence alcohol use in women. In freely-cycling women, every month is marked by hormonal variation associated with the menstrual cycle. In particular the luteal phase (pre- menstrual period) of the menstrual cycle is characterized by increased stress reactivity (Lustyk et al., 2010). Given the intricate relationship between stress and alcohol use (Sinha, 2008), one would expect that the luteal phase be associated with increased vulnerability for alcohol use in women. However, the small extent of research on cycle phase and alcohol use to date has been mixed- likely due to methodological issues (Douglas et al., 2013). Thus the present study aims to rigorously and systematically investigate cycle phase variation in alcohol use. Other regulatory systems and dispositional factors may also influence alcohol use in women. It appears that most human decision making is governed by two regulatory systems that drives the choice for smaller, more immediate rewards (impulsive system) or larger, more delayed rewards (executive control; Bechara, 2005). Thus, a woman's proclivity to use alcohol to cope with stress and/or negative emotionality during the luteal phase may be regulated by impulsive systems, where a woman's ability to cope with stress more effectively may be managed by executive control. One dispositional factor that is important to consider in determining whether a woman will drink to cope is mindfulness, or the ability to pay attention in the present moment, non-judgmentally. Mindfulness is associated with lower alcohol use (Fernandez et al., 2010) and is theorized to augment executive control (Brewer et al., 2010) and diminish impulsive systems (Peters et al., 2011). So, women with higher dispositional mindfulness may have more access to executive control function that facilitates healthier coping during the luteal phase. Therefore, the present study uses mixed objective and self-reported methodological measures of impulsive systems (e.g., delay discounting), executive control (e.g., cardiac vagal control), and mindfulness to examine the influence of regulatory systems and dispositional factors on the relation between cycle phase and alcohol use. The proposed study will provide valuable insight into the understudied arena of etiological factors involved in women and alcohol use and provide training to an up-and-coming young researcher.

描述（由申请人提供）：饮酒非常引起公共健康问题，每年使社会造成近2250亿美元的损失（Bouchery等，2011）。与中度饮酒相比，适度喝酒的女性（每周不到7饮料或每天喝3饮料）患有与健康相关并发症的风险增加（例如肝病）（NIAAA，2011年）。然而，鉴于对男性在酒精文献中的历史偏见，缺乏研究研究女性酒精使用的病因因素（Samsha，2011年）。因此，本研究的重点是影响女性饮酒的脆弱性和保护因素。在自由骑行的妇女中，每个月都以与月经周期相关的激素变异为特征。特别是月经周期的黄体期（月经前期）的特征是应激反应性增加（Lustyk等，2010）。鉴于压力与饮酒之间存在复杂的关系（Sinha，2008），人们会期望黄体阶段与女性饮酒的脆弱性增加有关。然而，迄今为止，在周期阶段和酒精使用的研究范围很小，这可能是由于方法论问题所致（Douglas等，2013）。因此，本研究的目的是严格和系统地研究酒精使用的循环阶段变化。其他监管系统和处置因素也可能影响女性的酒精使用。看来，大多数人类决策都受两个监管系统的约束，这些系统可以推动选择较小，更直接的奖励（冲动系统）或更大，更延迟的奖励（行政控制； Bechhara，2005年）。因此，女性在黄体阶段使用酒精来应对压力和/或负面情绪的倾向可能会受到冲动系统的调节，在这些系统中，女性可以通过执行控制更有效地应对压力的能力。确定女性是否会为应对而进行的一个倾向因素是正念，或者目前非判断的能力。正念与较低的酒精使用有关（Fernandez等，2010），并理论化以增强执行控制（Brewer等，2010）和减少冲动系统（Peters等，2011）。因此，具有较高处置正念的妇女可能会更多地获得执行控制功能，从而有助于在黄体阶段进行更健康的应对。因此，本研究使用混合的客观和自我报告的冲动系统的方法论措施（例如，延迟折现），执行控制（例如心脏迷走神经控制）和正念，以检查调节系统和处置因素对周期阶段和酒精使用之间关系的影响。拟议的研究将为涉及妇女和饮酒的病因学因素的研究范围提供宝贵的见解，并为新兴的年轻研究人员提供培训。