Behavioral Economics in MR/DD and Behavior Disorders

MR/DD 和行为障碍的行为经济学

• 批准号: 8438419
• 负责人: ISER DELEON
• 金额: $ 20.46万
• 依托单位: HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8438419
• 关键词: Adopted; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Budgets; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Child Behavior; Child Behavior Disorders; Choice Behavior; Clinical Trials; Communities; Consumption; Data; Developmental Disabilities; Economics; Educational process of instructing; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elasticity; Ensure; Environment; Funding; Grant; Home environment; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Life; Modeling; Motivation; Outcome; Persons; Positive Reinforcements; Price; Problem behavior; Progress Reports; Psychological reinforcement; Research; Rest; Savings; Schedule; Sorting - Cell Movement; Source; Stimulus; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Effect; Therapeutic Intervention; Treatment Efficacy; base; clinical effect; cost; functional outcomes; intellectual and developmental disability; interest; operation; psychologic; public health relevance; reinforcer; research study; response; standard of care; therapy design; translational approach; treatment effect

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Assessments of severe behavior disorders of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have revealed that behavior problems are often maintained by their functional outcomes (or reinforcers). For example, children may gain caregiver attention or escape instructional demands via their problem behavior. Behavioral interventions built upon this framework comprise the current standard of psychological care. These interventions typically involve teaching or otherwise promoting appropriate, alternative behaviors that produce identical or similar reinforcers as the problem behavior, to displace the problem behavior. Numerous studies have validated the effectiveness of these interventions under initial conditions, but others have revealed that their therapeutic effects sometimes wane as the ratio of responses to reinforcers is increased (or "thinned") to make the interventions practical in natural environments (e.g., classrooms). We previously proposed that principles from the field of behavioral economics, including stimulus substitutability and demand elasticity, can help to determine the conditions under which behavioral interventions may be expected to maintain their effects across changes in intervention schedules. In the initial budget period, we conducted investigations that demonstrated that a) the choice behavior of children with IDD and behavior disorders is systematically sensitive to behavioral economic manipulations involving stimulus substitutability and demand elasticity, and b) behavioral interventions based on these principles can often produce clinical effects that are more durable than what is often prescribed under the current standard of care. In the current proposal, we again adopt a translational approach to extend our analysis of behavioral economic principles, and their relevance to problem behavior, through both laboratory and clinical investigations. Six studies are proposed that a) further explore concepts of substitutability and demand elasticity to enhance treatment effects, b) employ concepts related to open vs. closed economies to both understand the influence of extraneous sources of reinforcement on response allocation and decrease motivation for problem behavior, and c) employ concepts related to "penalty" and "interest" to model how response allocation can be shifted away from problem behavior and towards appropriate behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：评估智力和发育障碍儿童（IDD）的严重行为障碍（IDD）表明，行为问题通常通过其功能结果（或增强剂）来维持。例如，儿童可以通过问题行为获得照顾者的关注或逃避教学要求。基于此框架的行为干预措施包括当前心理护理标准。这些干预措施通常涉及教学或以其他方式促进适当的替代行为，这些行为与问题行为相同或相似的增强剂，以取代问题行为。大量研究证实了这些干预措施在初始条件下的有效性，但其他研究则表明，随着对增强剂的反应比率增加（或“稀释”），使其治疗作用有时会减弱，以使在自然环境（例如教室）中实用干预措施。我们先前提出，行为经济学领域的原则，包括刺激性的替代性和需求弹性，可以帮助确定可能在干预时间表变化中保持行为干预措施的影响。在最初的预算期内，我们进行了调查，表明a）患有IDD和行为障碍儿童的选择行为对涉及刺激性替代性和需求弹性的行为经济操纵系统上是敏感的，而b）基于这些原则的行为干预通常可以产生比当前规定的临床效果，这些临床效果通常比当前规定的标准标准的临床效果更耐用。在当前的提案中，我们再次采用翻译方法来扩展对行为经济原则的分析及其与问题行为的相关性，通过实验室和临床研究。提出了六项研究，a）进一步探索替代性和需求弹性以增强治疗效果的概念，b）采用与开放式经济和封闭经济有关的概念，以了解强化的外部加强源对响应分配和减少问题行为动机的影响，以及对“惩罚”的概念以及“兴趣”的概念，并采用“兴趣”和“兴趣”来模型分配如何对行为进行适当的行为和行为转向行为。

项目成果

Evaluating the presence versus absence of the reinforcer during extinction.

评估消退过程中强化物的存在与否。

• DOI: 10.1002/jaba.131
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Journal of applied behavior analysis
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Castillo,MarianaI;Borrero,JohnC;Mendres-Smith,AmberE
• 通讯作者: Mendres-Smith,AmberE

A laboratory comparison of two variations of differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate procedures.

低速率差异强化程序的两种变体的实验室比较。

• DOI: 10.1002/jaba.114
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Journal of applied behavior analysis
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Jessel,Joshua;Borrero,JohnC
• 通讯作者: Borrero,JohnC

Parametric analysis of delayed primary and conditioned reinforcers.

延迟初级强化物和条件强化物的参数分析。

• DOI: 10.1002/jaba.311
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Journal of applied behavior analysis
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Leon,Yanerys;Borrero,JohnC;DeLeon,IserG
• 通讯作者: DeLeon,IserG

The aesthetics of intervention in defense of the esoteric.

捍卫深奥的干预美学。

• DOI: 10.1007/bf03392233
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: The Behavior analyst
• 作者: Deleon,IserG

REDUCING AMBIGUITY IN THE FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEM BEHAVIOR.

减少问题行为功能评估中的模糊性。

• DOI: 10.1002/bin.1400
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Behavioral interventions : theory & practice in residential & community-based clinical programs
• 作者: Rooker,GriffinW;DeLeon,IserG;Borrero,CarrieSW;Frank-Crawford,MichelleA;Roscoe,EileenM
• 通讯作者: Roscoe,EileenM