Air pollution and Parkinson disease: a GIS-based approach

空气污染和帕金森病：基于 GIS 的方法

• 批准号: 8462266
• 负责人: Natalia Palacios
• 金额: $ 12.26万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-17 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8462266
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Agrochemicals; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidants; Biometry; Caffeine; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cigarette; Cohort Studies; Data; Dietary Factors; Disease Progression; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollutants; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Family; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Health; Health Professional; Herbicides; Human; Incidence; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Information Systems; Intake; International; Link; Location; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurological outcome; Neurology; Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Nurses' Health Study; Oxidative Stress; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Particulate; Pathogenesis; Patients; Persons; Pesticides; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Quality of life; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Role; Scientist; Smoker; Smoking; Societies; Technology; Tobacco; Toxin; Training; Travel; Woman; Work; base; career; cohort; disorder risk; environmental chemical; follow-up; high risk; lifestyle factors; meetings; men; mortality; nervous system disorder; never smoker; novel; prospective; public health relevance; residence; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An accumulating body of evidence suggests that chronic exposure to air pollution has detrimental effects on human health. However, very little is known about the effects of air pollution on neurological outcomes and almost no work has been done to determine if air pollution could contribute to risk of Parkinson disease. For the majority of PD patients, environmental factors are believed to contribute substantially to risk of disease and PD risk has been shown to be increased among persons exposed to pesticides, herbicides and agricultural chemicals, and decreased among tobacco smokers. The observed role of environmental factors such as pesticides and smoking in PD epidemiology suggests that exposure to environmental chemicals, such as those found in air pollution could also influence the risk of PD. This application includes a training plan and research component focused on training the candidate in environmental health research and in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in order to study the association between exposure to air pollution and risk, mortality and progression of PD. The research project will use two large ongoing prospective cohort studies, the Nurses Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) to examine the effects of PM10, PM2.5, PM10-2.5 as well as traffic air pollution on PD incidence, mortality and progression. The candidate will also study interactions between air pollution and dietary and lifestyle factors including smoking, intake of antioxidants, caffeine intake and use of NSAID anti-inflammatory medications. The chosen populations are ideal for this study because of their large size, long follow-up, prospective information on dietary and lifestyle factors, and the availability of geocoded addresses for the majority of the cohort participants, putting the candidate in a unique position to explore the impact of air pollution on PD. The training plan is focused on preparing the candidate for a career as an independent investigator in the field of environmental epidemiology of neurological disease, with a particular focus on GIS technology and PD. The training plan includes coursework in GIS and air pollution modeling, research seminars in environmental epidemiology and biostatistics, as well as private sessions with mentors and advisors, and travel to international meetings in both neurology and environmental epidemiology to present the results of proposed research.

描述（由申请人提供）：积累的证据表明，长期暴露于空气污染对人类健康的影响。但是，对于空气污染对神经系统结果的影响知之甚少，几乎没有做任何工作来确定空气污染是否会导致帕金森氏病风险。对于大多数PD患者，据信环境因素对疾病的风险产生了重大贡献，并且已证明暴露于农药，除草剂和农业化学物质的人中PD风险会增加，并在吸烟者中减少。观察到的环境因素（例如农药和吸烟）在PD流行病学中的作用表明，暴露于环境化学物质（例如在空气污染中发现的化学物质）也可能影响PD的风险。该申请包括培训计划和研究部分，重点是培训环境健康研究和地理信息系统（GIS）的候选人，以研究暴露于空气污染与PD风险，死亡率和进展之间的关联。该研究项目将使用两项正在进行的前瞻性队列研究，护士健康研究（NHS）和卫生专业人员随访研究（HPFS）来检查PM10，PM2.5，PM10-2.5以及交通空气污染对PD发病率，死亡率，死亡率和进展的影响。候选人还将研究空气污染与饮食和生活方式因素之间的相互作用，包括吸烟，抗氧化剂的摄入量，咖啡因摄入量以及NSAID抗炎药的使用。选择的人群非常适合这项研究，因为它们的大小，长期随访，有关饮食和生活方式因素的前瞻性信息以及大多数同类参与者的地理编码地址的可用性，使候选人处于探索空气污染对PD的影响的独特位置。该培训计划的重点是为神经疾病环境流行病学领域的独立研究人员的职业做好准备，并特别关注GIS技术和PD。培训计划包括GIS和空气污染模型的课程，环境流行病学和生物统计学的研究研讨会，以及与导师和顾问的私人会议，以及参加神经病学和环境流行病学的国际会议，以呈现拟议研究的结果。