Financial Motivations to Quit Smoking and Prevent Related Economic Costs

戒烟和防止相关经济成本的经济动机

• 批准号: 8327756
• 负责人: Jody L. Sindelar
• 金额: $ 20.69万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8327756
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adoption; Age; Age Factors; Area; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Caring; Communities; Cues; Economics; Education; Effectiveness; Future; Gender; Goals; Health; Health Care Reform; Healthcare Systems; Incentives; Income; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Location; Low Income Population; Low income; Measures; Medical; Minority; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Online Systems; Oral cavity; Pattern; Preparation; Prevention; Prevention program; Prophylactic treatment; Randomized; Relative (related person); Research; Sampling; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Smoking Status; Smoking and Health Research; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Surveys; System; Target Populations; Taxes; Testing; Tobacco; addiction; base; combat; cost; discount; economic cost; evidence base; experience; feeding; fetal tobacco exposure; financial incentive; improved; innovation; mortality; named group; novel; opportunity cost; population based; prevent; public policy on tobacco; research study; smoking cessation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal is to prevent future tobacco-related morbidity, mortality and medical care expenses in all smokers, but especially low-income smokers by adoption of novel, effective prevention measures delivered in non-medical venues. We aim to accomplish this by building the empirical basis and beginning to develop a more effective motivation to quit smoking based on a financial message to quit. Developing such a low-cost, population-based, intervention would expand the number of delivery settings. Such non-medical settings could include grocery stores, banks, check-cashing locations, tax preparation offices, etc., each of which may offer its own teachable moments related to costs of smoking. The financial motivation can be tailored to special populations, e.g., double your tax refund by quitting smoking or save money for your new baby. New venues and use of an effective, low-cost intervention will aid in reducing the smoking rates of low-income smokers and will address disparities in smoking, health and income. Using online web-based experiments and surveys, we will test whether the financial incentive to quit smoking is more effective than the health incentive. We will optimize the financial message by testing the impact of both priming the recipients to think about their financial situation and by tailoring to their specific smoking pattern. Based on the findings and our expertise in addiction treatment and behavioral economics, we will begin to develop a low-cost, intervention for low-income smokers. Effective, population-based approaches reduce the strain on the overburdened health care system, consistent with the emphasis on health care reform and providing prevention programs for low-income communities. Aim 1: Determine whether the financial motivation to stop smoking is more effective than the health motivation. 1.a. Analyze which factors account for differences in the relative effectiveness of the financial or health message to quit smoking. Income of both the individual and the local community is a key factor, but age, gender, education, smoking status, other community measures, and state tobacco policies will be examined. Aim 2: Determine whether priming smokers to consider financial or health issues makes the message to quit more effective. 2.a. Analyze which factors make different priming types more effective, e.g., examine differences by income, age, gender, education, smoking status, and state tobacco policies. Exploratory Aim 3: Explore whether a tailored or general message is more effective. 3.a. Explore which factors account for differences in the effectiveness of message type with the goal of understanding for who each priming type is more effective; again income is a key factor but we will also examine other factors. Exploratory Aim 4: Begin developing a scalable, population-based smoking cessation intervention based on recognizing the opportunity cost of smoking based on findings from above and by using our expertise in economic incentives for smokers.

描述（由申请人提供）：总体目标是防止所有吸烟者中与未来与烟草有关的发病率，死亡率和医疗费用，尤其是通过采用新型，有效的预防措施，尤其是在非医疗场所提供的有效预防措施。我们的目标是通过建立经验基础，并开始基于财务信息戒烟来戒烟来实现这一目标。开发这样的低成本，基于人群的干预措施将扩大交付环境的数量。这种非医学环境可能包括杂货店，银行，支票施加地点，税收准备办公室等，每种情况都可以提供与吸烟成本相关的自身可教学时刻。财务动机可以针对特殊人群进行量身定制，例如，通过戒烟或为新婴儿省钱来将退税的税款加倍。新场地和使用有效的低成本干预措施将有助于降低低收入吸烟者的吸烟率，并将解决吸烟，健康和收入的差异。使用基于Web的在线实验和调查，我们将测试戒烟的经济激励是否比健康激励措施更有效。我们将通过测试启动接收者考虑其财务状况的影响并根据其特定的吸烟方式来对财务信息进行优化。根据成瘾治疗和行为经济学方面的发现和我们的专业知识，我们将开始为低收入吸烟者开发低成本的干预措施。有效的，基于人群的方法减少了对卫生保健体系过重的压力，这与对医疗改革的重视并为低收入社区提供预防计划一致。 目标1：确定停止吸烟的财务动机是否比健康动机更有效。 1.A.分析哪些因素解释了财务或健康信息戒烟的相对有效性的差异。个人和当地社区的收入都是关键因素，但是将研究年龄，性别，教育，吸烟状况，其他社区措施以及州烟草政策。 目标2：确定启动吸烟者是否考虑财务或健康问题会使信息退出更有效。 2.A.分析哪些因素使不同的启动类型更有效，例如检查收入，年龄，性别，教育，吸烟状况和州烟草政策的差异。 探索性目的3：探索量身定制的或一般信息更有效。 3.A.探索哪些因素解释了消息类型的有效性差异，目的是理解每种启动类型更有效的人；同样，收入是一个关键因素，但我们还将研究其他因素。 探索目标4：基于认识到吸烟的机会成本，并通过使用我们在吸烟者的经济激励方面使用我们的专业知识，开始开发可扩展的，基于人群的戒烟干预措施。