Spatial frequency contributions to contour integration deficits in schizophrenia

空间频率对精神分裂症轮廓整合缺陷的贡献

• 批准号: 8722131
• 负责人: Brian Patrick Keane
• 金额: $ 3.04万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL/HEALTH SCIENCES-RBHS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8722131
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Age; Animals; Biological Markers; Brain; Clinical; Control Groups; Data; Data Collection; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Drops; Electroencephalography; Elements; Evaluation; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Gender; Impairment; Indium; Investigation; Lateral; Length of Stay; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental disorders; Methods; National Institute of Mental Health; Ocular orbit; Patients; Performance; Phase; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Recruitment Activity; Research; Schizophrenia; Shapes; Social Functioning; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Visual Cortex; abstracting; base; brain behavior; experience; first episode psychosis; functional decline; functional outcomes; gray matter; luminance; magnocellular; neuromechanism; object shape; perceptual organization; relating to nervous system; response; stem

Project Summary/Abstract Contour integration (CI)-for the purposes of the present application-refers to the ability to represent spatially segregated edges as a single continuous contour. Numerous studies suggest that people with schizophrenia (SZ) are impaired at contour integration, but the mechanisms, time-course, and clinical implications of the impairment are just beginning to be explored. To shed light on this issue, we conduct a two phase psychophysical investigation. In the first phase, we will satisfy NIMH Strategy 1.1, and clarify the neural mechanisms behind the deficit (Aim 1). Clinical CI studies to date have almost exclusively employed lower spatial frequency contour elements (<7 cycles/deg), but converging evidence suggests that schizophrenia is characterized by magnocellular dysfunction and, correspondingly, impaired processing of lower spatial frequencies (<8 cycles deg). To determine whether spatial frequency processing can account for CI deficits in SZ, a later-episode patient group and a matched healthy control group will perform 4 different tasks. The spatial frequency structure of the stimuli for each task will be varied to either include or not include low spatial frequencies. If CI deficits arise even with elements defined by high spatial frequencies, then impaired lateral interactions in early visual cortex would be evidenced as a core feature of schizophrenia. By contrast, if CI dysfunction arises only when lower spatial frequencies are available, then that would add to the growing evidence for magnocellular dysfunction in SZ, and would provide a new interpretation of results stemming from CI tasks. In the second data collection phase, we will satisfy NIMH Strategy 2.1 and examine the development of CI deficits from first-episode onward (Aim 2). Newly recruited subjects will be either healthy controls, first- episode patients, or later-episode patients. The tasks in this second phase will be the same as those that revealed between-group differences (p<0.05) in the first phase. Importantly, this phase will provide the first data on whether CI deficits exist among people with schizophrenia who recently experienced their first psychotic episode. At the end of data collection, we will combine data across phases to make two determinations. First, we will assess if CI deficits-at either high or lower spatial frequencies- correlate with clinical variables such as: functional outcome, disorganized symptoms, positive/negative symptoms, and premorbid social functioning (Aim 3). Second, we will compare the four tasks on the basis of: between-group effect sizes, capacities to predict illness features, total duration, and drop-out rate (Aim 4). Evaluating the tasks in this way will guide future larger-scale studies aiming to further establish, explain, or make use of contour deficits in schizophrenia. In summary, the four aims achieved over two data collection phases will elucidate the neural mechanisms, time course, clinical correlates, and optimal measures of contour integration dysfunction in schizophrenia.

项目摘要/摘要 轮廓集成（CI） - 用于本应用程序的目的 隔离边缘作为单个连续轮廓。许多研究表明，精神分裂症患者 （SZ）在轮廓整合时受到损害，但机制，时间课程和临床意义 刚刚开始探索障碍。为了阐明这个问题，我们进行了两阶段 心理物理研究。在第一阶段，我们将满足NIMH策略1.1，并阐明神经 赤字背后的机制（目标1）。迄今为止的临床CI研究几乎仅使用较低 空间频率轮廓元件（<7个循环/dEg），但融合的证据表明精神分裂症是 以大细胞功能障碍为特征，并且相应地处理下空间的处理受损 频率（<8个周期度）。确定空间频率处理是否可以解释CI缺陷 SZ是一个后期的ePisode患者组和一个匹配的健康对照组，将执行4个不同的任务。这 每个任务的刺激的空间频率结构将变化为包括或不包括低空间 频率。如果CI缺陷即使是由高空间频率定义的元素，则侧向受损 早期视觉皮层中的相互作用将被证明是精神分裂症的核心特征。相比之下，如果CI 功能障碍仅在可用的较低空间频率时就会出现 SZ中大细胞功能障碍的证据，并将提供有关结果的新解释 CI任务。在第二个数据收集阶段，我们将满足NIMH策略2.1并检查开发 从第一集开始的CI缺陷（AIM 2）。新招聘的受试者将是健康的对照，首先 发作患者或晚期病人。第二阶段的任务将与 在第一阶段发现了组间差异（p <0.05）。重要的是，此阶段将提供第一个 关于CI是否存在精神分裂症患者中CI缺陷的数据，他们最近经历了第一次 精神病发作。在数据收集结束时，我们将在各个阶段组合数据以制作两个 确定。首先，我们将评估CI缺陷是在高还是较低的空间频率中 - 与 临床变量，例如：功能结果，症状混乱，正/阴性症状和 病前社会功能（AIM 3）。其次，我们将根据以下方面比较这四个任务 效应大小，预测疾病特征，总持续时间和辍学率的能力（AIM 4）。评估任务 通过这种方式，将指导未来的大规模研究，旨在进一步建立，解释或使用轮廓 精神分裂症的缺陷。总之，在两个数据收集阶段实现的四个目标将阐明 神经机制，时间过程，临床相关性和轮廓整合功能障碍的最佳度量 精神分裂症。