Neural mechanisms of perceptual organization deficits across the schizo-bipolar spectrum

精神分裂-双相情感障碍中知觉组织缺陷的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
9544318
负责人：
Brian Patrick Keane
金额：
$ 17万
依托单位：
RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL/HEALTH SCIENCES-RBHS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9544318
关键词：
Address Adult Area Award Behavioral Biological Markers Bipolar Disorder Brain Brain imaging Categories Chronic Schizophrenia Clinical Clinical Sciences Complex Conceptions Data Data Collection Diagnosis Diagnostic Dimensions Disease Elements Enrollment Environment Exhibits Experimental Designs Exposure to Eye Movements Faculty Feedback Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Funding Future Genetic Predisposition to Disease Goals Health Personnel Healthcare Illusions Imaging Techniques Impairment Individual Investigation Knowledge Lateral Learning Length of Stay Literature Measures Mental Health Mental disorders Mentorship Methodology Methods Molecular Moods National Institute of Mental Health Nature Neuroanatomy Neurobiology Neurosciences Outcome Patients Pattern Phase Population Process Psychology Psychopathology Psychopharmacology Psychophysics Psychotic Disorders Publishing Recording of previous events Research Research Domain Criteria Research Infrastructure Research Training Risk Role Running Schizophrenia Shapes Stage Grouping Structure Students Symptoms Testing Time Training United States Universities Vision Vision research Visual Visual Cortex behavioral health bipolar spectrum brain behavior career cognitive neuroscience experimental analysis functional decline functional disability gray matter improved insight interest movement analysis neuroimaging neuromechanism object perception patient subsets perceptual organization professor relating to nervous system retinal imaging severe mental illness spatiotemporal success tool visual information visual neuroscience visual processing

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract [public] Candidate's short and long-term goals. The candidate's ultimate career goal is to become a tenured university professor who explores aspects of visual object perception using clinical science, neuroscience, and behavioral psychophysics. Overarching questions central to the research include: How does the brain construct and maintain coherent object representations despite a spatiotemporally fragmented retinal image? How do these integration processes break down when the brain is afflicted with serious mental illness? And what can we learn about mental disorders by looking at these processes? During the award period, four knowledge areas will be developed or deepened so as to increase the chances of long-term career success. First, basic methods in fMRI experimental design and analysis will be acquired such as functional connectivity and ROI analyses. A second goal is to develop expertise in basic neuroscience, including psychopharmacology and functional neuroanatomy. A third goal will be to improve knowledge of psychopathology, especially in regards to bipolar disorder. A final objective is to gain exposure to recent methods in vision and visual neuroscience such as eye movement analyses or neurostimulation. Training environment. A major component of the research and training will take place at the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (CMBN) on the Newark campus of Rutgers, which includes the Rutgers University Brain Imaging Center (RUBIC). The candidate has had hardly any exposure to faculty, staff or research on the Newark campus and is just at the very beginning of learning fMRI. Therefore, the activities at CMBN and Rutgers—Newark Psychology will provide exposure to new professors, new students, and new methodologies in cognitive neuroscience, underscoring the training potential of this application. Moreover, Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care (UBHC) is one of the largest academically-affiliated mental health providers in the United States, offering ample opportunity to find willing patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. The infrastructure for finding and running patients at Rutgers has been intact for many years, indicating that rapid progress on the proposed research can be expected. The co-sponsors, as a group, are well-published, well-funded, have a history of mentorship, and have overlapping interests with my own. The union of their areas of expertise span vision research, cognitive neuroscience, fMRI, and psychopathology, which correspond to the four training areas identified above. Description of research. Perceptual organization (PO) refers to the ability to represent spatially segregated elements as unified wholes or inter-related parts. Numerous studies suggest that people with schizophrenia (SZ) are impaired at PO, but the neural mechanisms and clinical implications of the impairment are just beginning to be explored. Addressing this issue is valuable because PO deficits arise as early as the prodromal or first episode stages in SZ, and because they at times predict more severe disorganization and functional disability. To gain insight into the neural basis and diagnostic scope of PO deficits, a two-phase fMRI investigation will be conducted. In the first phase, the aim is to understand the neural basis for why PO deficits arise in SZ (Aim 1). Recent studies have suggested that PO deficits originate in early visual cortex, perhaps because of impaired lateral connectivity in this area. At the same time, SZ is characterized by prefrontal cortical dysfunction, and this has recently been shown to be relevant for perceptual organization. To determine whether prefrontal cortical contributions best explain PO deficits in SZ, I will learn recent functional imaging techniques—including functional connectivity, ROI, and multivariate pattern analyses—to compare SZ patients and matched healthy controls on three PO tasks. If PO dysfunction arises even at the earliest visual grouping stages, then this would broaden our conception of SZ and support prior studies that argue for integrative abnormalities in V1/V2. By contrast, if PO dysfunction arises only at late stages over prefrontal cortical areas, then that would give a new interpretation of previous studies, and add to the growing evidence for prefrontal cortical dysfunction in SZ. Regardless of the outcome, new insights will be had about the underlying pathophysiology of SZ, fulfilling NIMH Strategy 1.1. In the second phase of the study, it will be examined to what extent PO deficits arise in bipolar disorder, which shares a common genetic etiology with SZ (Aim 2). There are very few PO studies of bipolar disorder, and perhaps none that have used fMRI. Therefore, this investigation will provide entirely new insights into the nature and perceptual consequences of this related illness, fulfilling again NIMH Strategy 1.1. Once data collection ends, patient data will be combined across phases to assess whether the behavioral and neural signatures of PO co-vary with other clinical variables across disorders, such as levels of functioning, and conceptual disorganization (Aim 3). The investigation will clarify whether previously documented PO abnormalities in SZ are best attributed to diagnostic category or symptom dimensions (psychotic/mood), a question that is deemed high priority by the NIMH Strategy 1.4 (RDoC Initiative). It will also examine whether there are patient subgroups that exhibit similar degrees of perceptual dysfunction but that do not share a diagnosis. In summary, the three aims achieved over two data collection phases will elucidate the neural mechanisms and clinical implications of PO dysfunction across the schizo-bipolar spectrum.

项目摘要/摘要[公共] 候选人的短期和长期目标。大学教授使用临床科学，神经科学和行为心理物理学。尽管存在时空零散的视网膜图像，但构建并保持相干对象的表示？当大脑患严重精神疾病时，这些整合过程如何分解？在奖励期间，我们可以了解什么精神障碍？知识领域将被开发或加深，以增加长期职业成功的机会。首先，将获取fMRI实验设计和分析中的基本方法，例如功能连接 ROI分析。心理药理学和功能性神经解剖学。心理病理学，尤其是关于双相情感障碍的。视觉和视觉神经科学的方法，例如眼动分析或神经刺激。培训环境。纽瓦克（Newark）校园的分子和行为神经科学（CMBN），其中包括您罗格斯大学大脑成像中心（Rubic）。或对纽瓦克校园的研究，正处于AT AT AT AT AT乞讨在CMBN和Rutgers-纽瓦克心理学将为新教授，新生和新的新教授提供接触此外，认知神经科学的方法强调了该应用的训练潜力。罗格斯大学行为保健（UBHC）是最大的学术界心理之一美国的提供者，提供足够的机会，可以与精神分裂症或双极的患者找到足够的机会疾病。表明在拟议的研究上的快速进步可以预期。出版良好，面容良好，有指导的历史，并与我自己的兴趣重叠其专业领域的结合涵盖了视觉研究，认知神经科学，fMRI和心理病理学，对应于上面确定的四个训练区域。研究的描述。元素是统一的批发或相互关联的零件。（SZ）在PO中受到损害，但是损害的神经机制和临床意义只是开始探索这一点是有价值的，因为 SZ中的前驱或第一集，因为它们有时会更严重组织和功能障碍，以深入了解PO缺陷的神经基础和诊断范围调查将在第一阶段进行，目的是了解为什么PO缺陷在SZ中出现（AIM 1）。由于该区域的横向连接受损。皮质功能障碍，这与知觉组织有关前额叶皮质贡献是否能最好地解释SZ中的PO缺陷，我将学习最近的功能成像技术 - 功能连接器，ROI和多元模式分析 - 比较SZ患者并在PO PO功能障碍的情况下匹配PO任务。阶段，这将扩大我们对SZ的概念并支持先验研究，该研究主张集成相比之下，V1/V2的异常然后，这将给出对先前研究的新解释，并增加越来越多的前额叶证据 SZ中的皮质功能障碍，无论结果如何 SZ的病理生理，在研究的第二阶段实现NIMH策略。双相情感障碍出现了多大的PO缺陷，该疾病与SZ共有共同的遗传病因（AIM 2）。躁郁症的PO研究很少调查将为这一相关的态度和感知后果提供全新的见解疾病，再次实现NIMH策略1.1。评估PO-Co-co-dare枯草夹的行为和神经特征是否跨越疾病，例如功能水平和概念上的混乱（AM 3）。澄清器以前记录的SZ中的PO异常是最好的诊断类别或症状维度（精神病/情绪），这个问题被NIMH策略视为高度优先级1.4 （RDOC倡议）。感知功能障碍，但没有共享诊断。收集阶段将阐明PO功能障碍的神经机制和临床意义精神分裂光谱。