Processing Visual and Multisensory Information

处理视觉和多感官信息

• 批准号: 8411970
• 负责人: BARRY E STEIN
• 金额: $ 39.34万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8411970
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; American; Animals; Anterior; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Biological; Brain; Cataract; Cochlear Implants; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Contralateral; Cues; Darkness; Disease; Dyslexia; Environment; Etiology; Event; Excision; Exposure to; Family; Feedback; Functional disorder; Grant; Hemianopsia; Housing; Human; Impairment; Individual; Ischemic Brain Injury; Life; Maintenance; Mediating; Midbrain structure; Modality; Modification; Motor; Nature; Neurons; Perception; Performance; Physiological; Play; Preparation; Probability; Process; Psychophysics; Rehabilitation therapy; Retinal; Rewards; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Stimulus; Structure; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Trauma; Variant; Visual; autism spectrum disorder; base; cognitive control; design; developmental disease; environmental change; experience; innovation; mature animal; multisensory; neglect; neural circuit; novel; postnatal; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; statistics; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; tumor; visual process; visual processing

Project Summary The brain uses experience with environmental events to construct a framework for integrating the information received from its different senses. The end result is enhanced sensitivity to those cross-modal stimulus configurations that are likely to be derived from the same event. This capacity for 'multisensory integration'optimizes the brain's sensitivity to events of biological significance, and its behavioral responses to those events. It is of obvious survival value. The neural and behavioral manifestations of this process have been studied most extensively in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC), a structure involved in detecting and orienting to external stimuli. However, it is not yet known whether or not once formed during early life, the fundamental spatial and temporal principles that govern multisensory integration are 'fixed'thereafter, or can continue to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Nor is it known whether higher- order cognitive processes can co-opt these midbrain processes so that arbitrary covariant cross-modal features can be accommodated. Based on preliminary observations, we propose that the adult brain retains its sensitivity to the statistics of cross-modal events and is subject to cognitive oversight. Thus, any changes in those cross-modal statistics, or their significance, result in changes in the governing principles of multisensory integration. The present proposal uses multiple approaches and preparations to test these hypotheses. Adult animals will be exposed to systematic alterations in cross-modal statistics and/or their 'significance'via their association with reward. Then, the resultant short-term and long-term neural and behavioral effects of these experiences will be examined. The experiments are also designed to examine where in the neural circuit underlying SC multisensory integration, these experiences are encoded.

项目概要 大脑利用环境事件的经验来构建一个框架 整合从不同感官接收到的信息。最终结果得到增强 对那些可能源自的跨模式刺激配置的敏感性 同一个事件。这种“多感官整合”的能力优化了大脑的 对具有生物学意义的事件的敏感性及其对这些事件的行为反应 事件。具有明显的生存价值。这种现象的神经和行为表现 该过程在中脑上丘（SC）中得到了最广泛的研究， 参与检测和定向外部刺激的结构。然而，目前还没有 我们不知道基本的空间和 此后，控制多感官整合的时间原则就被“固定”，或者可以 不断适应不断变化的环境条件。也不知道是否更高 秩序认知过程可以选择这些中脑过程，以便任意协变 可以容纳跨模式特征。根据初步观察，我们 提出成人大脑保留对跨模式事件统计的敏感性 并受到认知监督。因此，这些跨模式统计数据的任何变化，或 它们的重要性，导致多感官控制原理的变化 一体化。本提案使用多种方法和准备来测试这些 假设。成年动物将面临跨模式的系统性改变 统计数据和/或它们通过与奖励的关联的“重要性”。然后，得到的结果是 这些经历的短期和长期神经和行为影响将是 检查了。这些实验还旨在检查神经回路中的位置 在 SC 多感官整合的基础上，这些体验被编码。